Um artefato único descoberto no forte romano de Vindolanda pode ter sido usado como um dispositivo durante o sexo, e não como um símbolo de boa sorte, sugerem os arqueólogos.
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)
O falo de madeira em tamanho natural. Crédito: The Vindolanda Trust
Um artefato único descoberto no forte romano de Vindolanda pode ter sido usado como um dispositivo durante o sexo, e não como um símbolo de boa sorte, sugerem os arqueólogos.
O objeto de madeira foi inicialmente pensado para ser uma ferramenta de cerzido, pois foi encontrado ao lado de dezenas de sapatos e acessórios para vestidos, além de outras pequenas ferramentas e restos de artesanato, como sobras de couro e chifres trabalhados, que foram descartados no século 2 fosso do forte do século.
Mas uma nova análise de especialistas da Universidade de Newcastle e da University College Dublin mostrou que é o primeiro exemplo conhecido de um falo sem corpo feito de madeira recuperado em qualquer lugar do mundo romano.
Phalli foram difundidos em todo o Império e comumente acreditavam ser uma forma de proteger contra a má sorte. Eles eram frequentemente representados em afrescos e mosaicos pintados ou faziam parte da decoração de outros objetos, como sendo embelezados no cabo de uma faca ou incisos em cerâmica. Falos pequenos e portáteis feitos de osso ou metal eram comumente usados ??como pingentes ao redor do pescoço.
Mas a equipe de pesquisa acha que o objeto, originalmente encontrado em Vindolanda em 1992, pode ter sido usado para mais do que afastar o mal. A análise revelou que ambas as extremidades do falo eram visivelmente mais lisas, indicando contato repetido ao longo do tempo.
Em um artigo de discussão publicado na revista Antiquity , a equipe explora três explicações possíveis para o propósito do falo. Uma delas é que o objeto em tamanho real foi usado como instrumento sexual.
Outra possibilidade, diz a equipe, é que o objeto possa ter sido usado como pilão – seja para fins culinários ou para moer ingredientes para cosméticos ou tratamentos medicinais. Seu tamanho pode ter facilitado o manuseio, enquanto sua forma imbuía a comida ou os ingredientes preparados com propriedades mágicas percebidas.
A terceira função possível era que o falo pode ter sido encaixado em uma estátua que os transeuntes tocariam para dar sorte ou para absorver ou ativar proteção contra o infortúnio - o que era comum em todo o império romano.
Se fosse esse o caso, a estátua provavelmente estaria localizada perto da entrada de um edifício importante, como a casa do comandante ou o edifício do quartel-general. No entanto, as evidências indicam que ele estava dentro de casa ou pelo menos não em uma posição exposta do lado de fora por qualquer período de tempo.
O Dr. Rob Collins, professor sênior de arqueologia da Universidade de Newcastle, explica: "O tamanho do falo e o fato de ter sido esculpido em madeira levanta uma série de questões sobre seu uso na antiguidade. Não podemos ter certeza de seu uso pretendido, em contraste com a maioria dos outros objetos fálicos que fazem uso simbólico dessa forma para uma função clara, como um amuleto de boa sorte. Sabemos que os antigos romanos e gregos usavam implementos sexuais - este objeto de Vindolanda poderia ser um exemplo de um."
Dr. Rob Sands, professor de Arqueologia, University College Dublin, disse: "Objetos de madeira teriam sido comuns no mundo antigo , mas só sobrevivem em condições muito particulares - no norte da Europa, normalmente em depósitos escuros, úmidos e livres de oxigênio. Então , o falo de Vindolanda é uma sobrevivência extremamente rara. Ele sobreviveu por quase 2.000 anos para ser recuperado pelo Vindolanda Trust porque as condições de preservação até agora permaneceram estáveis. No entanto, a mudança climática e a alteração dos lençóis freáticos significam que a sobrevivência de objetos como este está sob ameaça cada vez maior."
Barbara Birley, curadora do Vindolanda Trust, disse: "Esta redescoberta mostra o verdadeiro valor do legado de ter uma coleção tão incrível de material de um local e ser capaz de reavaliar esse material. O falo de madeira pode muito bem ser atualmente único em sua sobrevivência de desta vez, mas é improvável que tenha sido o único de seu tipo usado no local, ao longo da fronteira ou mesmo na Grã-Bretanha romana."
O falo está agora em exibição no museu Vindolanda.
Mais informações: Rob Collins et al, Toque em madeira: sorte, proteção, poder ou prazer? Um falo de madeira do forte romano de Vindolanda, Antiguidade (2023). DOI: 10.15184/aqy.2023.11
Informações do jornal: Antiguidade