Estudo descobriu que os investigadores que usaram essa descoberta a seu favor, pedindo a um suspeito que realizasse uma tarefa secunda¡ria adicional enquanto era interrogado, eram mais propensos a expor os contadores de mentiras.
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Um novo manãtodo de detecção de mentiras mostra que os contadores de mentiras que são multitarefas enquanto são entrevistados são mais fa¡ceis de detectar.
Esta¡ bem documentado que mentir durante as entrevistas consome mais energia cognitiva do que dizer a verdade. Um novo estudo da Universidade de Portsmouth descobriu que os investigadores que usaram essa descoberta a seu favor, pedindo a um suspeito que realizasse uma tarefa secunda¡ria adicional enquanto era interrogado, eram mais propensos a expor os contadores de mentiras. O poder cerebral extra necessa¡rio para se concentrar em uma tarefa secunda¡ria (além de mentir) era particularmente desafiador para os contadores de mentiras.
A tarefa secunda¡ria usada neste experimento foi lembrar um número de registro de carro de sete dagitos. A tarefa secunda¡ria são era eficaz se os contadores de mentiras fossem informados de que era importante.
O professor Aldert Vrij, do Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade de Portsmouth, que projetou o experimento, disse: "Nos últimos 15 anos, mostramos que mentiras podem ser detectadas por contadores de mentiras mais espertos. Demonstramos que isso pode ser feito forçando a mentira os escrutinadores dividem sua atenção entre a formulação de uma declaração e uma tarefa secunda¡ria.
"Nossa pesquisa mostrou que verdades e mentiras podem soar igualmente plausaveis, desde que os contadores de mentiras tenham uma boa oportunidade de pensar o que dizer. verdades em nosso experimento, principalmente quando os entrevistados também tiveram que realizar uma tarefa secunda¡ria e foram informados de que essa tarefa era importante".
Os 164 participantes do experimento foram primeiro solicitados a dar seus naveis de apoio ou oposição sobre vários tópicos sociais que estavam nos noticia¡rios. Eles foram então alocados aleatoriamente para uma condição de verdade ou mentira e entrevistados sobre os três tópicos sobre os quais se sentiam mais fortemente. Os contadores da verdade foram instruados a relatar suas opiniaµes verdadeiras, enquanto os contadores de mentiras foram instruados a mentir sobre suas opiniaµes durante as entrevistas.
Aqueles que faziam a tarefa secunda¡ria receberam um número de registro de carro de sete dagitos e foram instruados a devolvaª-lo ao entrevistador. Metade deles recebeu instruções adicionais de que, se não conseguissem lembrar o número do registro do carro durante a entrevista, poderiam ser solicitados a escrever suas opiniaµes após a entrevista.
Os participantes tiveram a oportunidade de se preparar para a entrevista e foram informados de que era importante parecer o mais convincente possível durante as entrevistas oso que foi incentivado por participar de um sorteio.
Os resultados revelaram que as histórias dos contadores de mentiras soaram menos plausaveis e menos claras do que as histórias dos contadores de verdades, principalmente quando os contadores de mentiras receberam a tarefa secunda¡ria e disseram que era importante.
O professor Vrij disse: "O padrãode resultados sugere que a introdução de tarefas secunda¡rias em uma entrevista pode facilitar a detecção de mentiras, mas essas tarefas precisam ser introduzidas com cuidado. Parece que uma tarefa secunda¡ria são seráeficaz se os contadores de mentiras não a negligenciarem. . Isso pode ser alcana§ado dizendo aos entrevistados que a tarefa secunda¡ria éimportante, conforme demonstrado neste experimento, ou introduzindo uma tarefa secunda¡ria que não pode ser negligenciada (como segurar um objeto, segurar um objeto no ar ou dirigir um carro simulador). Tarefas secunda¡rias que não atendem a esses critanãrios provavelmente não facilitara£o a detecção de mentiras."
O estudo aparece no International Journal of Psychology & Behavior Analysis .