Os supercapacitores são dispositivos de armazenamento de energia que complementam as baterias recarregáveis ??e podem até substituí-las parcialmente. Os supercapacitores atuais não têm densidade de energia suficiente, portanto, não duram o suficiente
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/uUawiJkMsrvDTmpLbi5x/bXumsDS5RZX1WGtnNVL6zRXS+vlPVt5Uu/wCSe6KrOxosDUvyYDqCdoRtL0cMC4A8wxPutelBXD9wnRWLW2V5BUea9uupxlBs+PL7aeH9t/gv1GRQ+lkyRpaGg9xuqNVlNBeeXrnliLSSCG14W2ctfMPK6zayqFE2DXQrLmNroxrnmJbaXHTTHUCqOgcWb8dnuY1IRFDNOVZN2jY2pYRvv6F1+8Li3CU44UbEmSoquoQJX8eX208P7b/AyK8bHQgO9Ba6twMfWKqVCyzmMhBSH+sYaQGZjblD9MfXlK25Y4ll2k0bcis5XHEy02RH1Nbqyw3Vg5ViuKKxYz4qAqAomS+96LdFFySzId3Jew1VLWOFj8tNOYcQ/Jl9tPD+2+VroLTPscMhd1Kt0rpsZWxrNvuEpu5cBDD7WN9D72jTI287HcMra0scptGusK11gxiJV9/1mS+2lE6zfFIjRTpEurdG9ssvi6g1VtaRipLjyrcNd5+ocobnyjFoeyHCrlda1L8eX208P7b5LjpWvCnqOF1vLFWgt4uiuLlak12aFmMLEzWPeAqnrWptby0yKzUFbeRiiX0tXFZp5pwGY2yqokotSIVG46g0MioOSD/+3JlbJA1RGqgW5KgdLDUrNLlsrVbBMVdfny+2nh/bfIw3KQUIOsrXYvDLrJiq7RchknmK9EuVz0mYVK1p79Ojtuc7pXisZkKiSp+XPNTIuNsrTaRkMA95IVhMZEaWry7RqYY2uikiNrpr01YT7nQBdI2pm0zYsSywC2u9wqatWNtXzZfbTw/tvl+4AB+TKGl6bLl3E+Xsl9Zri7rCbLqpv0aqz3+aWZD82aDT7LrVy1Qx2q2tFUTdpC5i2QKXjrtCkaLRbYLaHrlVbs3k5Zhe1KLCy41ai3EfdVjPr9cOn+DL7aeH9t/kEu1W9dzNvyFhsaxtxQnnPGVqyDrBjWmW49qBSxi4vR8YhQtkTFTR8WsquE+5a0AKIR5JdyKEVgGAxqteAAH+nL7aeH9t/lZVeKqrNTLsbe1OPsOsdRYK6K6zwCID/wDHy+2nh/bfo+X208P7b9Hy+2nh3bfo+X2s8O7b9Hy+2nh3bfo+X208O7X9Hy+1nh3a/o+X2s8O7X9Hy+1nh3a/o+X2s8O7X9Hy+1nh3a/o+X2sDETe03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tN7Te03tNzHh/8QAIhEAAgICAgMBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAEQEQIgAzASE1AhMUBw/9oACAEDAQE/Af8AtHrY/h4mOSo5P78Sy+hM8i+lcTaGq/0MTMlGPRhyUZu31V3MoUKVCPX+Hq/B9XEkciVaLRssXYxCyPb+D/dlonQ82zj47OTDx0UMox7a6VthyUZ5+WtlFC6blFwuOxqoXE2NVK1Ss9LrSyxMRcqVpYtccqG7jDkVGbtytcXR7VQ/7FWej8Ml4uFC0UXohbLVb4q2epUfxizVHJ+sqK6npZ5Sh6IZxK2Z4KhynR7Rs8hzcrR4iUXFFDjEqeJKjlxShDMcqHy2tUOWJwpZZcWOEWIcLRZ0PK4Q+mtMeJtDxqFFQnspcY42Z4UtEPpuKEjDJUcrVlCUMUJFzRWlGOXiZ8nkVKH1Isst9lzjiZfghnFRypVKH0KMcbMlU3ClsWjc2cbo5HbhsTHlcofQhnFVHNUOEXCGhFn9KKlKXsh7I9LGqExOi7HOMJSiioqEMqHsh7YmOao5HbEOFHiLtfQh7312WWWWeRZZfUh9dlll/wCZD+Ih/EQ/iIfxF8VfG//EACMRAAICAQMFAQEBAAAAAAAAAAABEBECAyAwEhMhMVBAYHD/2gAIAQIBAT8B/wBo618RjTsw9fEorhviepQnf6bHC4MsDFV+pRUZMU9Z3BcWoabd7HsbLE4XAxKEPE7YuJqxY0Z50YZXucY8dFbb48sLMMahTQ0VFcFChlFDzoTuO4hO+B+DubGWLKKlih7HkJ7XiJVGWBgqXA1Z2/Io9GWpOMPYyxOGUUY/ibOt2e0PAxxOk9F8GIzHwNmKmxQxLajUdGObsUtHbEihTUsQ1FCEUUJljjEudRs03coasWntYoY2JiY5Rky4oUMocoqXjYlUMXDY5WdCdw4qEJ7XFCUZMwzvYxcNFFFGSNNeCxuVNzZc2WPGzDDp2MW9ihiRRSipordUvIx8jEahp3csXA4bMXsQ5s9wlFiyijJGCpQkUJVLFwMRqezThliEZIRQij0OcBytzFv7qPY0VZQjKEIbiosvZQi4W5i3ZDxdmmvAxQ4orlXAxb646KKOk6TpOko6eJi46KKK/MxfEYviMXxGL+v/AP/EAC8QAAIBAwIDCAMBAQADAQAAAAABEQIQIRIxICIyAzBBQlFxgZFAYGETIzNQYlL/2gAIAQEABj8C11zMnm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7PN9nm+zzfZ5vs832eb7K66ZlW+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+f0jtPa3z+kdp7W+fxIRn/ANn2ntb5/GzscrhEbkyRQcxJyrJz7HKsG2TmRyol4NjCNRsepLPQgmTqIkyzDIbMsmTD/E7T2t8/htIh2i2L4MktYMLuNuLFsmXbe29obwT4Er8HtPa3z+HDqNTZyKScySzFtaqg5qsmco0+A0vHh1KqCIP/ANGmqgmDmcDVO9nDzbTVS5JdGCKlm2aoJoeVbDNW9tLWDeCNyV33ae1vn8KqPQyNt4OWknSps2zUaUpR0k1MxsZ2tPZE1U2ho5NzVU5bHaWdRDRqMnKaaVkmrBofgcvgbkVKCTDJ0I5lI6qCBvwtFJv3fae1vn8Pk38RU7WjxNsmcUmKmQjZHI9/C8MxuZwjrUCzi8Wdsoyh1UMzeWafB2mqlMjSauyZDqOfKPEbSg0DHZ912ntb5/CmobjBy4Os5s/0XouCWOT/AJk7n9Ocxbm8D2NiGb4tk3u0ip1KTpJ7N4NZFRvefBmqva3KpRqqR/TVRgyyF3Xae1vn8CWYpwf/ACQkYVqtRV6MlMlu3pSRpkilRbVtVaPA2MsxwZMbWi2R03g1UG5m2djR4G9oqNfZM6iKu77T2t8/gNUml7ingjxMI6oJ3IgXAkRSZgitH/M1VZM8MIyRBiGiKkSrwQaq9rcqlHMoZlmDLInchmqru+09rfPHjYme5VcZFnNpbMbmvtNjFKvtfLNPZ7nOpqJdnJVSzJK2tlwbmmk5h01PF87kVG1pZq4MbkVXyJrwMd32ntb54nd9xSnsLRubC/0KV/eLFnq3G4G3s7IZK3NibctoqME+Im70u2DKs+BtLNpSJiz7vtPa3zx6uzMwQrbmOCWaqtiUrRUiOGburzIg5lJPZqGjTWaV0m1smleJhW5kf8adjnIV2c3BBjgjwIVp0n8JXddp7W+e608OikSqZC4OXwI7Q5eJjaMnJuazlObDOpGmg1I59zGWbk+LP9KbZwzdGlbDoMmLZHSjnNzTQZ4IqHQnsRX3Pae1vnutdsX/ANKMnN4cLfZqSe1McMkeptgzuf8APDNLtKwdRFRCOfLOXDFRV4iQ0t7apg6yKkTwv0ZCP/IeqEuHV4VG2O57T2t891m3KuBV+DMWyaKD+u8MaTtkyzU+lGL01HMYOZipWyNXZ+G5DsqvQ3yNktXykaqOk/vBpRi+qhZRp4FT6CIpMkri7T2t8/gJM5ToM4R6vhqb3IpyjpM8Esxsjl3Njn3KrStmcyKY2EyFtwwxpEV4NyKcs1VcNStk5Ms11Da9Lvi7T2t89zLtFXDCPV2xwyOusim2ujc9ruLVO2Vkq7N2pfhaEpJ02b4WaUdRnKIFwKtEJGaiaeYhoSJoyjYji7T2t89yourSzTQyfF8ObpELgq8USiWx0pYJTyaHeaDmwzSiSVZ4yaXxYVsmuhEeK4FQL+3wso0VdzX7W+e5hnLsTXdRZSSZ4lwtEzBiqSGik/0p+TmebPSc29odJi/+iIZg5mcpPBBBG1s7kvhmnxIqXcdp7W+e+jc1UKCSnjpa2JXjf3NT3d/6jS90VW02lsxwuLYFNscLkxueJzohFPBq8GQkLjr9rfPe+936GGQ7SrZMDkjwOpHLli1cNTowOivcwcxsTQc/hwufExb0JTM8Uxm0VoVVOwnwQjC7iv2t83jxt/e4ghowhyTsbkVIb4GQkZZ/zeRKtRw1f5kbs5llkzNN9SI4NKErYtr8GLObuHknggioxZqnLHU7wt7Q9+Cv2t83c2Xc5RI63eGaXtwKlCV/6jS91d+o9JzeNoIs5tzHiRTikTfCl62hqSEos1ws/wCZs7OL5suCv2t831021VdzqZ/BRwJ+JnYxx1eBG50mWZEleUsGw8mTU9jdk0ZQk+HS9z+EENGHK4vQhWdVOGOm/wDSJRnfgr9rfPBsu6hENFPB/SLYM8L0nqdKG6HH8NFdKxbHBoRzrJ/nVtfUhPhhcEd1juK/a3z38M0VcFNK8OHN3nI6+D/SkpcZRpZi0U5M21+JzZVlO5/CZJMsfrwt22suFyKO4r9rfP4CfiZco2IpwJ8WLSx+nBjwFbEnjbFmjLtS1aW4MVZIqUDr9eBtj0E9pbV2b+Dm8OBUrxtMyJ8dftb5/AnxNT6TpR6M1TJK344ZjpJV/c0wZZCs2sO7tNsUqbz6Dp9ODRSR48DMW5mStlbAlx1+1vn8BUohXg/jtuZcmnYh2kaY6Uc+GbyZNT2J4McM8FTZNJz4Zhm8GeFtnKbX2OVdxX7W+e/UCaFwUvwIp3OoncU4M/doVml4n/Tc0q2hmTF3Jg8TmVlwNeJsya7c2xrfB/8ATNScE1Zdn2lGBvxtJ/LTw12+e/01bHI2aKvDg0+ptm/9NFZh2lk21U9RorwTRuiKlJKZLOU1bH9tDItNpZPgQld/w0u0siglntdz4mVglDRpfHX7W+fwf9FurbmCahPgT/pKZ0i14FF6azfMDpglmKT+EK39tynMYqI7Pb1MsUcCp9TBsc0pcSjJsKbcyMcVftb5/BaNNOWc24zc0VcFWo1MgipHLuaKzch+BKtzWZg2tlj9CEbk9nk0kXkgzUQjTUsGhbWgyzTQau0MUruq7fP4MPcqfjbQr6dzmwzc0rpIfA/UjxJRz7Whih4FFmbwQiHTJpqUGCWNq+OFv0NcmmrJhfJljb8O8r9rfP4L1XnwtB/GTXhHialmngm0vYhcEenCmvG2Ucrwx0tzNuW0PBq8LyzRQbE9plnSRQ9yVme8rt8/g86k5VBpr2IZNNWCZJ8EKLTwJrws2J2khGpEGwlSiGJU2iRJeBDtCthEVWxhCpk/t2zU3kqp8O8r9rfPfcpzEq79bTMHURpZprRNL4uQ01YOSqUQln1Ms1VMhEH9GSYOq+CG4dopMo9EdTITlGtmTlpwRQsk9o8HLU0RT3lftb5713av/WTV432OZGKsEySr43MkUmahPwIM1E05RKvGqCNSZVGxymntFMm1tzKPA3SQ9OSWRQTU7Otr27+v2t8966WQ+FVU+BikjtFb0tp8RTsRGBxsQjmwaI+SaTYSexJEmbN1DVO15NibepzG98kkdnSS/DwOnIqe/r9rfPfZMLihoighbnMxPcilHMMVXgjYWIi/i6jcxTm25g2tMHMnFpWxzbGmkzWTRVLIhozuf8ng/wCmxi2y/Ar9rfP4z1eJyGzOc5DZnMtyKVbV4EGWcrlkaWc+5y4ZnYjSiNKOrBFJFSlGxCthR+TX7W+fxuemTlUW1UuGaqnLtFeSaVeVSv8A1Fftb5/SK7fP6RX7W+f0iv2t8/pFftb5/SK/a3z+kV+1vn9Ir9rfP6RX7W+f0iv2t8/pFftb5/SK/a2GzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpnUzqZ1M6mdTOpm7t//EACsQAAIBBAIBBAIDAAIDAAAAAAABESExQVEQYXEgMIHxQLFgkaFQ8MHR4f/aAAgBAQABPyGHtYqM6Q6Q6w6w6g6A6Q6g6w6Q6g6A6A6A6A6Q6g6g6Q6Q6w6A6Q6Q6Q6g6g6A6g6g6Q6A6A6w6Q6w6Q6A6A6Q6Q6A6w6g6w6w6g6g6w6w6w6g6g6g6Q6g6w6Q6g6A6Q6g6A6Q6g6A6A6A6A6Q6AThElS+LPn/AAqLPn/Cu/b/AIV1nz/hSWfP+FJb8/4Ulrz/AIUlrz/hQWvP+FJa8/4UFrz/AIUFrz/hQfs/iXoPoU3Q4ESL/lAsef4cu1d8HZUWsn+i2gb2qw2LyT6HxR5HiM6JbBEtzeSmHwGynC8l4R00o6JIUexhq5YGqmgprmtjXM66HtXS2OqP4F0V0PI/0JxOSGlhCfDgVQa6js3cGSwomU8FjSCUtqBJY0/xIsef4b7oVSZYapwVPYYE0RXxFJZHUVuWbkYbVPNjYNjg8YcSLPgPWRHkLsSogdMt44zLVGlMlOrEgg3kiqNQi5RCoZLJyIXJMSUcEc7AVZPYSWUf4cWfP8OFyRZQN6yNlyBZkloI8CkZ3VAomncvdMcUVCBIL24HgmhioOaFnSIWFCrGeAwheenZOlAUxLwyeSCeCQrxkFlzIY6SlshPU0XRIcAjEnehZGs1NBuXjDd8kGDFwJobKFWiRQk50JTYSV+QTi+RO+n4EWfP8J2FwS6vUkGiKYQiydzh4WCXR3fDEOP/ANRyJBKTB7G9J5xyWVtXROwkhPoYoWwtskhs8JaolXZWJ4J9QaqhsmpHKgV/hkagkhrVuyJJ8mSSXIet0LIcGQ1TCK/ThiDZgULS9iOEoKzKawj5yJGvDhk32yXVR5r3Is+f4TrRqgguaZ0DMSZ2IaZC8IkD+Qa48wjfPbJykvc0FCkTCaJYS+jMuhKDDSCEybbEBQQ3YYaUIaA11YkXOJjYapDrJVgfyCpUk5IaJuLohOJNEExpBKSEsFXFBsDBTsFURHgZM7YJ0tFMd5I4Em2x7kW/P8JnZCKkmVxLBZZ1DAIQaJuCSShKFy0vhDTWVgvEkhKQsJl2/wCxVIwia3HXDM3h2EhUUCQZ8g49FXh22dwIlC6hdNPIpgo6jSGKx1xsrmBxGrGsCnLspBNOzPJB7P8ApIhuwNlbsK7qFEOmhOtkNukl7qCLfn+A5W0XsEVdEIkXtsQUF44SiqIFFFYVkIY10yLkJwY4T15Chg4+5QdORQVW2T0JFQ0ROxiK4hUpERC0KJvUNSZqOSVRhOwnM3lnUlyqICVNLaL29BjDSjMK8U2QkjOcBougpKjJCFp7IToFVoSw4QOG+Ws+7Fvz/Au0CeliwdlH6EsnVgw1GPI0iPEjAzSrCY0assgrUOK+h6bKEOZ2NhKAvYyOzsXKFOjzQqXEYpQkVaBvLExhUb3vPIxLQD3UO5O08gdhJNh5nKdiQNVkdI49EQr0EjsgKKpkYTIRNaQmc1US192Xuxb8/VMJt2Q8p4FEDz6v7Ci6JGK6wrcQhJDq3nA/pEY0/SG0lTQKW0gtPAxhaejumyInKS3gQE0fCvVUVxO1DETEkpjWAhCQzYkGAipqq6SN3o+EXRzA/AzUH7LDFG4RWShSViJh24zGuw2LCGh8SRBRkFdCE2UEt+7y35+qbjvBC2YiTMrezkf8SgX0RtUWiCRSIhQrIlJSTqkk2CDEBoZXz2GssR5oAlJI35oRhkeqBFYdrwTGmm7jEqqwvUHWRohji2LhYvs8tIqUnUUKzBDMugRhpQQkKeF1YkJQWw2PNLiOqqe6Fvz9b5xTpj60vIgf3cNTgJZb0MPxIe7MYXRJUyRMtrKeGgyQIyXyQkTlF4paoXENskRiBwaXXF/hi+FZ1NCoqDCkkStyhiwbTqoFVJwUl0XGAHoSIkUXLJlky0orCqVBBQ0NktKGxpi2GQULUXF+bDkyqciWGEi6h2GbuDoF9hT+f3Et+ftPdK73FTHJjZM24yByKg8IS4S9ENlmQfuJK0wN26CXxcXinXostvBIWaZnYNTZuJHBVENSD7wcz5mIjKqozUjoPDfQO8wT0Ki1BS29ohLR2VnWQakTlogrTl5kaSQgpjsQ8p67HQ1RGq3Z1TeJuyMdrPHL4SrxBlYIefbT9/2piuWRcXJqXkJRRcZ0rodiPH0TCl4I3BjcRYSEzUqjvFjbJIjMF2e9gmUVMiapvJlZGMM6orFExSI6BEWmGKjlES8HNSwMsg5CVGi0qqVkiXquxwOA7LCaL2t6XAEHo7P+hH+l0MaUqQjFV6HNNgrKULswuvaSx5+00khJTGHKTQhj0FAAhTZOeG0lLJeScny3doT/AG3LygS0ZRXlECEFzgpgdgFCUUJcvo+DPkYEklCQjGY8Y7hLQCpuqtxLkMKys4P6KFsnJHji64dlj/oUn8vRFYBZSY4aTupRTA1ZKFV7JsiZFdcfHQWpahE1Xsw1BWI9hLHn7UerApCrf0f9iLyIFmEHgJXcvY34Jo3CFpKds7gTJtLPiryp9BIiDLccStfkNLlaC6admM7cRM1ZK68mDcC2qA9FXV+I2RCNquVKYKWVZOn/AGRNQKW22Xt6GbxinoVaUFWpC6CXLNrxOhFA56l7CWfP2UOxDalOF0IO4jxz5MQJZHcz3EdCJ0oZk8wsYv6koCXWSIdB1UMlkQlxCUr08/PaiQqNtnhxgouZMLhVGS8IM2NShCmaE9IaLLuMuJJJLV6kTdZ0RkoyZROSXEgdehkH0yQnJYyrheiTEOi4CYmRVNDyiUcRQLQl8+wljz9m8wdeKRmfeOJEwlkrhTkqDicJOXA5O4sSFUDlhAem2KXYXKJunZkWV0lL8DKhCLmQmElUmKE0fCJq9kqoKI2c8Qp3GYErKLaHNs2ZJpblJJtXcEZBI6qRESyhWjxdIq/0E7R5FPRVJ5aHkkSzcxxPstY8/ZWy0yqMhshbHMLLJqMRFzskCWONZYTYiIaWovxtI6iuVWfQsuiYpNSV4XgVZyNDYnpitTqTUDCAkpBY0YlO/QlZaQqkZZ+4haVa5sJtcSAlZCiwNKaWyGwhc7SY1mM3JYYJlJiU2FEVNgUKmmzxb0IvKh7L5Rj2U/d93zYUOMciKUbBA5ZHhaPggCwLQqkk+3DhSKtcvMhULyKbCzLiwsog0NVye8CVxEvJcBJHu4auaGwM23w5eAM4dwVE3J7vZ4KRCs8tjrsUa8Qo7BF5q5FwuMRpDulX0KiKQZN6RYT17Lfu+6xSQdTUdYIFEiegTWDoAU7FU5aIsHQCIEdlysJLKQkOIqInDZXoJQklbmYVbEmC4U7LZGQvKH0GJ8dCprJYaJhcLXccLP4BZLwkQK4mSwKxlsftWZJDdhuXyqLCoQyS4K2CL9I/3X0OXWSohIiT9pv3eU0KhdUC6XT2FLXVi4UoaQDKEFdcR9ljizGz5b0KqYaGNhsWSWRddBsg3JFVKNc0zYSWTIVnsIB3AjEJw4EyNr5hEjArIpu+ISqkQje7EumMm5CggIqEOU8htSCqcE8ST+SqhUrBLnnniU3EuZucPpmo9/UqtefGKDRFoRRezZBiHJSLE1OfPLWmUx2788W4hkEXDZEN88ycdBNc5VLwM5Xkpm9wxqTYWTJf6INAjuKMiR7BKDQKrSpevMnbiB4VHUt0MjNUMjp3cs6xwhKki7BMB7L1PwNNMHgmR2Gjlm/ciGwh39NWvPmSTKd0WUOSAVGl7LHZQrStoImN6ImvEdJNSIh7sREsyxqHzIxZFWIzcQ7LjkY9sBstnhXHJqCoxNV56JygiiFszHDoJM5UTDLU9EPkULc42YvMk3scVYfDhim2LieASTTDZlLslixstMi03fnVVsywAXLT6lfu+iO149pgvqo0qWiFBz6IytDoOQvzzSldhqFpquUPSQ5JNtoaUOB9DCaNcVrgdGrXXgop2MadyMSNsPVPI7ORrDHeBxJHWXUUtyq+eW0jbsh2Vv8AwIVaXMyVlihIqEjS5lnZ5R+huTUyLJf2q/d99oRccrZ+uZlTcO4uHpkqBWJPj4SUd6bj0QNDZTJuCU/2kTKRVbFpkeQ7edxqIIHAQQJTSaszyBQTlfQi5EOkpawSVBPB1F6Gh5sT5oebRIVS6EQvrmYTbwSNqyQbw7+zX7P4EWzCDfSFIuB1zllNWRPm8W15IhzHzOR6K9BCeYYotU4mpgy6OszBE8N9xQoZxVRJ2oVAlrBYK+hOlngSasGybYYw6+iwykJ6WU3I1VjpccpMiok3dYvQ1SEansdJJDdD9ivg/b/AT2dDI9sBIoEOSSsoZpoUKlgNNoYnw0JtD8FBXRj3QKXYfM8shvzFxPCtCGEylcaAiB3fC+IPSRTWwN+SKlMzzMwrUSw61cwNRaX+i9hfla3QgTtImqmnij1SmGggQ54uZ0R7NfsfgJf7CEWFy0mNZjqfUUCIfZpKNVDwKdwqsJtU2tiD9VCC750NZonFRJgDE1IVU+BDYlidEE+LyGk0EQWZm6saMXYvSahFV3Y9Shvi0TA50itALM5WN8umkMNl6G4Z6RWOsmcJwNq/9SLW3LGTRRKZP6H1zw4euv6P2vfsUTdWLZis3Hbc8r0Rb6EKobxFvK9GbBJKV0F3VsRRELiujgKifiMHSFYL2GiKxYRNutCodbi9gdazHnTE2VBkGqE1NwXOHlLrECCZbpwSK7kYIdGTNmovQuP4Bm4BiGQ4aRVgK5mGccTBtZDJDjBFRlwIUmfT/jP7P2vfdESw2OQsMfpdHoiNgiu7njEEESjBmluSyD4VOQhbtbDdRkHwn+iyZlRxKP8AuQKUyoQMLpjo/wDiLXVJEm4fsUypfcuhkLSLcExjofAQ6tjbjEm2/wDgXrDmqewibK44ZPdCWRSy9iyCXlkDSh8k3fQkTFwIVYYmwagTbaLTKMEDN/W1ny/BVJkf6CCTcOCSuD0PreWTysf0D6EKPWiRypiSgDRBoJZbJieIcuxGSwoFIoVmRM3jAqBc12glXYsVRUDu1QeRp5IPHY4YokiaMgsVdC7rdl9EQd0QrBRqK8RNVShKXcEdTgBIrY8vForyqUeSv0RITSx613GxNjuUbfY3Pqb/ALc/e/B7VRFCAVqsMKt2SyUkQ1BbH/nMBKJUMW06IUlCxEq0JUGhjKM2SpUGgVCi0O/bkvxHEfGFRyKSZJi28MaoYJSlU6GEiuxZnKokV0KCXEi0XMjXPAv8GytiWuiHhJsVRqsJJSqbFQqt5HGLTN4bySUvhiclJ79r/GV2fvfgvtR1YVPhxKzEswDESyKC2UYzRiP1P9uMvWxPYxCUimzJkduBU03sapOBSbCiNOSqifJ0mTFSEm4EiuhjME+VeESNKEtsQR2pJLJGRySMVBau4oSV8ixwm/CSQh8LA3TKuwma5mLwn3jfvfgv/Shc8wnQVpxsisyNRSpkvSQuPh7Eu7DknJBOBXlwiRfBKnCVR98hkB6CScpjQw6xWO8IqTn4J4SFJNwtCQpqrdxBPmIhaQnEBHnI9bsHE7E3JkhGgv4m0xiSWRrF0dH2Wf8A+CkHRompGCvqsNCwyVz9z/Hx+9+CrgUHkrJCGTBhw8iUCY3qi5HogY1vEk2A0ncu0VZkYgdhQg+cKWarxj2EK6jHOQ2mLzKENMVyrbGYTI6i2B0cMnST6LnFUkhIRQ6oRBoTCqKTaVJELpCzqxwlDYZw7RuS+FsGk4oIIP2Iveb9/wB3yyrC0WTHJoTWA5g6UpUsI6IYg02SFDepEnTkIExIrQIdRTYTETqFmBbNSMlCg2xSUSVcZ5YYMqosSwY0YHA6a5sUJQSVtS9kte4pTbZpDldiU4ZB1whKJtYQoSQqboUH/YXbh5M6RkyQU0hOsosFEbaEiiSpkYXyQ7pBMRF4Td3v3m/e91kIcbUUHeAVeUqiuAiV0Y8W4npJAvkEOaYxVXYhFRMQ1FRI2KoJbxrIl/3k0/0F/L5FoV3oIJSlQnlJCoQKIf8AY+cuSUkTsanlXF3AijlDHnsgjzTPpkJs8MjaCmZi6mamYnqxUXZHUsJXZVtXklPBGoW34Lfve6nKCLI5oSqNqXfKNCckUJg4T9B1iddEGu7JlEiDKegqF+xGCpoRyhGWnNyVX4iJuiRL5GpefACmSMcENCehGoQZnBOXpx3hXqXJUZeaBFV7MkmbExKuIhASicNnQnKKwiFJteCCTgEXXUe6x+C373vNJIRMsB6VS1BHCYl1gVO8KKFWx1CqTmI4CaQQQZYZHORbxiGCVsFFX/giKTdA2ij2ksm4w01BaFbtFFLCs0GMHaGUZwaCPzE1EtoQUyhT3eByoFggAEIWditSasg6EuhJIkkJEiSOVJuPwm/f/FoaH2ZKGpNVkyHDDksEA5T0ZzyuNLYpCJsf2TdVLwQqKrHRptjy+sJl8QbRvIZ0gXSkEpGeUPbwPodcgQlQkMajBOSYolYSwXupRYbw4sS/yG/e/GTQgJYWhFkVUxcQjoBIjpAuAd8XUOzwRI345l7/AOGb5P3/AOEf4yC35fwlvk/a/hRftfwlv6P2/wCEt8n7P8Kr9z+FVa8v4VX7v8Kr93+Fc6V2ZK2iVslbRK2StkraJWyVslbJWyVslbJWyVslbJWyVslbJWyVtErZK2StkrZK2iVtErZK2iVtErZK2iVslbJWyVslbJWyVslbJWyVslbJW0StkrZK2StkraJWyVslbJWyVslbRK2StkrZK2StkrZK2StkrZK2StolbJWyVslbRK2Stjq+PhlCSXTPtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7Q+0PtD7QiQ3Lzx//9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABBbv/8A773/AO9/88/99+//APv/AP8A/wDf/f8A/wC/8/8Af/OtvHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHGeU000000000000k0000000000000000000002tHLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLKMgMMMMMcMMMMMMMMMMMMMcMMcMMMMMMcMMMMMHDPPPPPPffPfPvPPPNvPvPffPPPPPPPPfPPPMk80000000k90Q00898100000000k000000001HMUEEEEEEEA28xSD6JqucPe8MP8EoUUEEkEUGlXzzzzyzzyyUkv8j9SJGWSEnYBp/8A/wC9dfPPPALTjjjjjjjtGe17ZGzXJjBZZ6zyNezySpDjjjiuM/8ATnb74LtLUxKDf6fJZZnlOkEKU40jP77reA4829Mc800CDoxG2vzhvJj068YwXzr1w0000mrvHGBLRnboNOWxFIi8A0GI+VGeEuLAICPHHHGGM000knI6MXUAhAKXHeVOKsKcc13GgwJs0sU0ktIIIYwwUlgGB0qQjB65V9CLG5V0kGHrfGMILHf777S1O5AXS7L7+e3Oq28sXrxfdHPPwur775EE448UK30u67zoM8K2chG+BA9rwoEPk+RIw8+N3pvb320rH3zlAuH/ACkrHr5/v+3jaKll46zr9DGe9JDBF3AFWW7kcRzbtXx6ANP3AMzCc7uuCE/ayyyyyyxZbdg/w2TlJGDTjLZhoirJfyx5yyyXiCCCGGGLFSr6JABauSriy5fOh494h50MDuGCvACCCCCCTZCFA0CSZhhnDPg2nji7BR6RnVqGCnddt/ttN967Va2XK6iYBSSZz61sHEeI6x9r9+YlNFBJFNNIC7ks/wAXtZSysXJKpG1XLsIRTRQQYldPPPPNvYidNNcMjRo+TGl4Ihl2xGZ1/PPPNLlXPLPGGm1m+4vRrAuy07YHOOCXE20/fMPPPPKFtPPCPPHafSK44Fg+3/tLyBH7NTLvXPPPLPPIlfPPPLPPPLPHnfbP37fffPPPPHLPPPPPPPPHIrTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT6jBggggggggggggggghigggggggggggggigghmpjDjDjDDjjDjDDDDjDjDjDjDjjDDDjjjDDjjq7jDTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTSTTTTTTTTTTTd2bDDDHCJDJEHJJDHDDDDDDMJJBIGDBDDDDDCEXX/wD/AP8A/wD3/wD/AP8A/wD/AP8A/wD/AP8A3/8A/wD/AP8A/wD/AH//AP8A/wD8H//EACARAQEBAAMBAAMBAQEAAAAAAAEAERAhMSAwQVBAYFH/2gAIAQMBAT8Q/wCJP+KGf4hP8Qn8JCm5BHv/AEk/hWMiYenxlllllllllllkn4SfwhbJ1H0uWkjbGQ/O2WWwnePyT+Emwth58hvEJadkDktl48h43gRjdt8k8hso+CXgsvLY5GkwoyEAmZf+yg2GC6G/dHOvonlj3d8fJLJeAez3hiCQYDh6hssIdzycMhGJ+vrxPvL+LoITraoNvLbtJDkSJjZstkgtzjNukeWwyfR9+ceW6Ge+Drh2mjLYZYZYb9yxHkwZjpO8eANkWPwffjRk9iTHItycFvkYl64EtunwZj2wgnhfFv2HIGGPQ+D78at4D3UEJZaY+FtrOWF5Jt0tsvUM9kl0l3DJAz0cdp0+PE+8Y87dBEA40ZtdINLV4Wx2QZNok9MOx5CyDInECXTkrF58XqHsvHhjzo2HmXbC5DhwezgS5HZZjaPA9cB2YT3wv1wzCJfaY648XqR6T4S78YvXC9SZOWkPDpG7eHbgTFCy0NsOkmTeJvfHi9fY5JsVOpLO7eTdXmk97ALslGPLCfOPV1YQ4/Ul2+PF6+y3C1DszN4B3SeAsJL1IjI3rODstRiWPZNibpDhKPefF6+xyezkwuXlqvcuQ7JewBONt+4LctW6WMrBeMnYXZ3eVz4vX4FISeJV3weWJ7hPUXZlqCQLqTYWECxsK1vOgy0kJPXPi9fgMO58AhLC23OJdLey7HCcXUIiQCNeDQhGf14vX0NchTZHlpL4n90JOpMZdWbYSZ5O3idRjhiGQOGowlv15vX0seCLpvcNsS1M6hk7Fj9psGcLD8Hm9/e7eBjz46ttsSLNn6vrb+Dzevx6hSrVsrb/AI/N6/FlnOWWc5/h83r+J4vX8Txev4niTuyyxssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss/jv/8QAHxEBAQEAAwEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAQARECExIDBQQUBg/9oACAECAQE/EP4p/FP/ABR/4o/JByEf+lj8e5xmjtbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbD+LH4rdojznLDsjbfoLWIFkA0+WPxYW1gs59smBDfIlF5aXTxnCrpZs+jl6hH4YOG2O7J5SS1tkYh4FtoMP+2xy9T36Y85aHX0AbbOuAY2vJmyCIkjthJ3HqDZ07HPpjzkIPaVYWeXL2yepdOGQh4JzjCyGWzeQQJdYJI+THnzu4abdOHuORDIiZBJEl/kEzpyI4ggDSzuQcgGnLHwsbB3IdJs262pBnuFB3woWY8N3gcJLSGWPJibJwi9SdnLHxktQ4S242Bch3vjzy1juHJXiDbIQl6thsu5IZSO2yTIx+GPPnLImmymyBCYmI7bJ6ZdltnplpepC7iRuyZcsT5YWhy3iUdcR2OdCTu3XNxKF68Tp4UN4MyYsLszXFhPIuG68Aepx3w3iMRjvzq8cLJGQtjhjJdIY1FjLo8KIJOD3ETGHYYfjj1ePtIcm9pJh6sfeIdcMzCUNvdrHsXizfjYwLPj1ePwDWxOJjF2c7RwM6k4IwRhjyemBOoJ8jExjAtYR859Xj7HV0ePPA0b2wCNSZDIiJlsGsOF6wLMbYywNgBO3nU/Tn1ePwHULZ+wpw+zLJkvHVhBIcDsqSNbWTJhe1LtlIYfHPq8fg7xBm4WaWm1DbC1MGEbLuLbCQCXcoFkSP16vH0uSDkINsJgxIu0mTnlpZCbMjM64yzYxwxOsc+vV4+hpxiHa8yy0bFmzTEZN1H0Mu8DWPv1ePvMcJf7wcdwbZbhtvgcguLCDPw9Xj88SIFiywLLP+L1eP4nq8fxPV4/ierx/EYtttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttliP4n//xAArEAEAAgEDAwMEAgMBAQAAAAABABEhMUFREGHwcZHxIDCB0UChULHB4WD/2gAIAQEAAT8QDoPSJRU8t+p5P9Tw36nhv1PHfqee/U8t+p479Tw36nlv1PHfqee/U89+p579Tz36nl/1PHfqeO/U8t+p5b9Tw36nnv1PLfqeW/U8t+p479Tx36nnv1PHfqeO/U8t+p579Tz36nhv1PLfqeG/U8t+p579Tz36nlv1PLfqee/U8N+p479Tw/6nhv1PHfqeO/U8N+p4b9Tw36njv1PHfqeO/U8t+p479Tw36nlv1PHfqee/U8t+p479Tzn6nlv1PHfqee/U89+p579Tz36nlv1PPfqHW68S79OnkO0/HS/ov/E392/tXPK7nTyHaXL/AJ1/4jxO500PDT/KbfwyeJ3ldyeA7fyM/wCM3+jzu/TwPb+Xf+N8/udPIdv89f2vP79PMdvsX9y/pv8Ai7/wL+q/o8rv08x2/wDiPG79PIdv/iPC7nTzHb+Lf+T8bv08R2m32b/zv5njd+ngO32cf4K/ov6b64/g+N3lvLNLx0/hqBboRthnMVEXLiEnsemZn+OfV+f4Xjd+nkO306/eZzWCWZXMaBO5LBpy4gUyKs1iVWmRpLOw6pxUGBMZPMBtFohegHHaVH24IArVq7I+wrvqzLg/wJvY+yKls6sKpy28rYucFQDWMO2jnKqy0g4XU0gF1Y2kI5hLj9WPKwzbFBGN4LQHa4EcaO8CAq8ynh6pRIr7z8hG49SPzEQJbrP6rH+F5nfp5Dt/DHC5GbKrDA1rKIbdkTtrGxaIyQoouaz+6InPIbQoAp9I5a3GAARbid3AgXIy3ByRBWKmfAVDc8pY5TmE3LlU3GWya28vANbS9lN7QqQuY3A6gzEYRqknpM8CaCwu0JvcBLV3WDZcTGgeauLQrZLcumQ5A8DtADIbfwfO79PMdv4bAAtMeiFiH9Ai5gzQ4Q2kyCswVyjIasEENCSiIPCIFrXamks0Jua1GorThKEDCig5E0ONmpTmqVoS/Wc3St4h/NcTbxZDUiQQbEpezAQeyLjhiUHSgWMhAQmobxS1toTRBqwwymcrfeNhAwMJLoXb6SswMltYsRC6dUZhxWIZ5cRJUDUAZntUErJHJLMfrRcKDY4gewuhn7nnd+niO3S+ty5cvpcvpf0XDPxScy5sPW+YQFfHeaF1lrWaO7bMzaoQoB6+kQWCxI8QW1XUCtONbRkhvLC0cuJXC1zdgpoPSLFrC6zcpS4iN8ka5eAkRrhClmILpcEd6FbEaRUtF1Lvb6BGluwxD9xvUezHaaUM94rB+hrLDtrNCKHG/LAPyVbvOSiRaY9l6xRCqbJVVFTKiFjKlyB4TEzNyJ5ltqoJaOSVJRNWi0LKIgVMALI6twr9BqS/pv6PO79PEduhL63Lly+l9L6XL6ADYWpzE4swaETop12Z81CizaVtHlI9BMS4xN9FRJB9UMBe4WsSUoPaE02rSElUljopXeXbceyWIKacPWWOr3SiVQg71mPzNoIUqO7Wzc9YuIjNt5i2TTKlzBcOOKsg9K6FZjYKyKCl9SIyvMtIDt9omq2g2Iwr2eGOHtO5CUlcU6VtGEc6zkmEQdVCjeXeKssE0Ym1cCaDUIxOu0URwyuKgcR+GsuYly5cuXL6eP3OnmO30f6+n1+wQwocsEdpw1ccptqqnF7zAqFdmYYmqcITMBQB1ECO7FmK5MTG4l0IwUAtDDLWHkapn0Fi+YwPa9BUMh73NtQacxiIppiDECNsSnZ23rKtvpStFS0bmKN+sRe15iFaoVLOYYcXMMoloqNyEovr2gYN53wXShiBw0r1mTJiYTK5WdfYbjDR7f5IAliNSsyHSd+66wawpnYyuV8oyq7ihDS3efteB36eY7Q++l1HmOYLsbhepZ+KgXiYu5QA+ypcYzLzJvUUaaF8FxYAOYJA1qY5VJpFrJB9CFTc1qsrz4SXiNTTaViLoyxpbiLSH/pT0hhcEAKqwNS3dCJZvMW/ZiC7wT9y4qKFXpN691zD9G7KkQ7Z0mbfdYScBbK3vowTobw3AHXC9hl2FFVXBK10t0gyisFYoWFMfhF6J+YFgJLBFUkZJ9Y6ekJoGgqUxFj7ZeDno/I4+wZ0SH03LmYY5A3jVnaOMwfoBb9Gt7FDWAg12qgNIsSsmuNZDGhXFBUfaRKm3UHszNZCE82K0Nam9WDNAsGjHhKZdhA4I77qGARjh5iVABTpxEZkfSWi2yGYEJ3iAvTll1YVBd4iaHK25UC3Gj6QJYHaZY1RzyqA9VCpvKqCAHQHMxNLTmXZK6NoEMxoYl+RtziUe0PUIPVbS5UGkQ9BI4l4gCtz6bl9b6aDxnp5jt9SNAFspqLRywURWuuIP4/7Ar0hQq4NhrF09Xpby6JaCXHc7NyCEKFDSWTDgllgK7zDM9oA3ZWLV3Bjbu1l1XYtP+QIg7TLKbZCOzDQTTaLFKojJCiC4veVlBozfN3XEJWe8UgDmP5b8wr6NuEquw095h6qcers6GjrcKAW+OIyOJh5571ekVcBtvFqKLjmoQ9BmDzHn0QpN5fwlQ3EtIf0GnecdYGFQ3IZzUESKyvt+J36eI7fUA9xUADqOZZCcTIamP8AX1+pMiabQmcAXuSmW5KyV4VRM/hFkARUFARSehHtXocTlceIVJUg3O4pjGkqjgwWRMDtcIhQK/4hPtyMacBLjK60KQK0JsbzCMQYXXKYSwTeJRDdMV26nSHH95iBd+Y1PsQIpc1zE0XRbx124xJVUqyMVsHvEDoiHodper1cHRc9GrqIhGsSq1jC/wA2Ue1bTbMrFZ0lQ6mn2/I79PAdvrahNtSiUzk6tC501WrA5wEsc4lRSfQ9Zp6jCnbt/wDU/N3W5aUhcnE1DP3Wke8pqUVrXWHoh0HKCnevmJSzEBcRDpZBvAmA2eWVb9yXgMyuZbUTWvWCJImfTmLlczmAAABCFioNlFMu99QlQ/IxMhnUszMYKZuGKtmO6EwCwHUbRxRcEvyr1TFVLxXEa3Rw3GfURvNIHuISqd5QDQDogUWDMOqtpCYdEEQQBRSVrE5V7jUK5LZckSDXRw/a8zv08B2+wadGhGqm8Ry1jVgo7HRcAL0OkOIBAqZsyLTpCSArG/Uzgl6oa0GLNNCS9ULM4rI1zblAohBZO8TuweOcRege2DW7YG8UN35NI8UtYG8pgizZH4K1troCstsqNHlsu8qtNw1jAhMEgyGoOEpQNlZdoykULQ0ixitCxC3UcyhEPvMWOJ3lQCRK1rsylhXH1A5gTVKvmILB7No6xX6w92MQz5avi5Y5VnUItTDxAkKVrA4S44QbBNK+x5neUcf3NDw0+q+twZh0KGkcK/tKzq2KuIA7EGm+JtEO9Lt3BvHV2z1QzAC1YuLUECz7gzBvx1likFvGNt9EIUpKMbR3ROgOneDQG4xCArYGospuS3DEzzNrrLVVAVc53nlMHVFnZYzylBGK3CcEAdpqaRlQb2wmcAmqMFPSFbb0qYMGgGWHYFDBTmI/DjDDBUBi946vS4MqDeUbgVo3ZghWYe6G8LbWkExwXfE1Lgw9TWZFsRhHBLohgOAdL+rzO/TzHbpt9e0akJkZn9MuY9EXm3WX+OgwoSkthl0Xh6VYndUKQQArBC1L7vQobeBlrUZFqCZHK8TKZN6TLCGjMAtEvOnpAIKFB07y5TtylBADat4eOWwTADcwasrRdCm3MRLjgcczRFsueh24ECUeVAuXlon9oEzmmIUYABoHT+70hm4tUboSHDA6kRBZUId43T8w+j4ElJOfQqktoIavUR2i7uIhwahDidjNiCUAWWUCKYVAuF7SbtEvv9Pmd+nmO32hd4navoN/WNoLx3jQm+uq5vH9kFA1Q0CMFC5WWdkxRJWrTDRXkSR0IwOY0Ue11MgfY0RJlHNsRlWVjv1XMFljCttd4OQ22OIV/vE4TdCE9u+9xrIgpHcgdKSk2h2oWqQqC5aDvAvhbNSojNt7xD1bHpgWqI4TmAsQV6RoRKu0pg7A0mGyY+h7IiuWssEA6HJO3QvZ1xKmUWBGLhWsxekhSj2xNRSgjWOlqHZdu80Fn/cInKV6fV4HeV6e88h2l/X+Z28Ad5ZXtCl3di3aCJeh62AqoMvaZt0Ndoza5WkBgp7RJI3E3ix5MHiFkQs4iry1hzGqU9jBApy3YlKEdTmW8ssGkpkMg6XM7sH4SjpJWW0A4dFfaVMwMIbHrOzK4LWscwVHDLFBtcuLBmpSMl5OJjc6xthGm0tuzQkDWRUe0pC6F8QEyFRn1NVpL/ZJL3bxnfq05exC9WDBiEBbXhO9uGqCpAxkqbX1e9y0ArAdIVv5LFKv6jwO/TxHb7LQxrJgFPaIecroS/YN9GIdcoksMUQKXk9IcES2AYtlm0WABTMajCo4WIvyzZytmH8AV1zLhkZSLIKICD3TklOYc6y7MWrZiE1Acek0SlQ7M7zUMFwV0948ALZ0YEyuVbRCoo4i0DrvEVUORxARGw8oT9Bo/wCzKu9jBgzn1WsGqtBgKBuamCfzKpeNgFPnkqUKPy9Doiy6yJT7UtWepTjMBrKiqH9pkfSKdfr8LvLeWeI7fZHcYV8GydoX173z0KOjuiulDDTIlGmomtRoHeabOwSqdIljTvpKIHg/9gpm9Ibb+sa9SppNuiFNWMUZu9Vm5YfoFC+iY5TI060jkbwtKEU0BzzDSNvvENhFRndtaioSjeVUa2osBQmdHQm2bhWBbHhltLIIeScsrH6tJZJ3KdYsx8t5+YaNlSRvFDYDqO0Shor0lC0V6wcm2EXE1r0hQY1TEz0GAEqmBswhIOKQyEcJiH1eB36afhp9Vw6jWmOpRlAN2MC5gJhls4s0x6wtmFQpDQzMAwgslEUvMEKIMIFLYjTY0D/uadFZ07SxriK1iO+1imhFv9dK5aLJZPkoJeEtlZiCrmGZDUWinDS1asRLzZxA3MjCjLaIPSgMHToEFuy64ijkjkbsho1WutCXTXU7O9cbxihyyO2Jrgo5Zlz0iKWgvEVtTo5jT/uhQZ0KI5iAVEbsp6qh0GkidAYraNIJNo7rIB6X9BPC79NPw0+jPH1/nphNtSxo2Sxx4Y+ZGpNxBCc3Bo28LneJwBiXpLFM3soB/wBowu7IEu/tBLY2XSehYHBLbd9NiAIoBQdUI7GZo0HUrxnAlUOx5hx2NLmjOsoeW6nfyNzKKgrE1HSLcuHTP1SiGKv70sEFusQzluyVeKKQkMbZIbVWyf8AA6GuXEfgFqs0cXK7MKaDDpeNgK02OzAAbay7w6EVixIopOWssvrv9Hhd+mlfhXQjFFu0W3dHaYGODmb0/WrpveuCoRKcS1KjVSWXkaxmIS20vFwmxDW4BgHAMMbnZZjiW8z16WniK9bgp7enaQ2xOa0jbPUrdHgIMu8QqlUquuj3IweFc7TAKmjT0mYI77ISRZXchL3dCjX4RWudGZdaSUGrdAjJtCVzCKGH5GWT9MC1RriAbBvAIzZrZlfgKTmJTAzA6lg2ltkP9ugYK8MPZqz0mTe30ZiFdpYaukTloqzQmQDQ9Zq516VNaVq7TLH0TTfseYla9fO79PIdui0nUFxT1XvjaLBMu8VV7vbfofX/AGIECwIwrVgkdnFN4FFFB26BVBTjMZqlx6bTDT6EMyrCS91kJDxgHu63AGst4LCtJdyaQ7XKzNyi0AAciJurKrBTWxjEuDQbwcjv8jmKaGqgXo0i80/O0zBp0YqaGNKl1ZfkxmMsr/3LNTXToKaMU6spk3zxGFcBqMLleJAmGK7IwvfFjUYGbC5ZDMTnViAxXLWIDO1ModY7NRTN7zc2qc+OpWkBjia81jFquO79fO79PAduhh5m9sC2lo9EqFRA1o5zj7BeWGDllEM9wSvI2366Q4etS5lkIsrHKGm8rxtsAzMClgeZYE9YXn0jIHLpiDvbncibd1+EsXm3WECAuF3i5dk/ESsXdEpS9LjR+gGkKJHrSJeBvMF0OGI37abyjenYxZqSoycl/wCohg0MfQNRFuzvCSpYExeqIFkNWGSOW5cO9QZi25ixCWcXDTdZlYBkbsQna13sPW9ZgENuSYMNd7vUdmYTWOVwNcz2+jwu8o5JoeGnW9veAt+urLd+t/UwmahzNaPq0xFQxCn6Ds1/tZwTZQ3bgJjUWCYspUdCUo9oQLZimrlNpYbtbUYuhTjNIkENHMFpn3lsCNs7ozKhsnFLiULUOI9KVvMyJqdsJbtLPxOrSVvBGBxHJU9PWZI6Lf26pXQWx0Ut6HiMFh0Q6GEFa1iXtWtcCxCQjRghVWF0TMVW51AcJY7TDXG4OIyO3tv9jwu5L7n9zQ8NPo2+2E5ph4iho3C/0xGrM7GdoZh1AQqiqkUEuWeI8y7xQqBTrN6go2ZglqE+gOQzA5mwFlzDIbNOEVZSQ1qXVRhtCO8uKI0GIgdjAUQo0wibwbeCyMhQlDtb6hZg6i6QNE2BBjwZiWIb1vT6DTsZgbarkijbsztPeWGlbG0xJUXOYygFB1Q+AC5lxzZl4jjdWyczUnv9JPO7z8HvNLw0+7fXAVaTHUNxMKmcKWh1bzNeEg3A2iqX0Blz8SIsDui1oehGoHciT6rh1DjkOZjm3cTjNOmBJipBzK8Yd7iB/OoMHE2/AwgmNqBKGtIItNzulQNVjCMFzMNIo1xgrWFC7WTWVQ1gL+hYa95LrIU4j9EbZIC6YmGkLL/kI3/uItuXrY/hbMEeaKCTm4dHQZhL+glPwv8AZK7pp+Gn33mVCsCFcQG7CsquSbUyBLTjtQ0joFWSJhROZgMwfzKfabwIElcy6M2Zk9d/tG6v+icwm2iYYR1+hllMsmbG0GrBzAryzWos7Ts4YvzBVsOZQ10CMvkxgcCXdzbHARDomUZvpmCkHGd/ozAL07sWq2prdBFByudumX+xEWB/pYFXPJ0UonCWbUKIZqBRo3vCNymIzeozD6vC7kvv/f8A7NDy0+/YFqBywPyLNczQejowybDML6s3cRFbfSGuxOTiVw6ITadflACUVQh1rMF7994ESsiBC2Yq73FGsqHBgqrZY6s4GhKd3h72USoNeZyQSU2A6xbMRYIabo4qDXQxywy/QGZoPkgUE6yc6wUjpmyGjmMFk3XaaTfgwxGBGCquN20IatyWfRQ+qJ7RademukyZXguMTSmzmcdbb2gTBKb0qJG7N1TnytWUtLvzE4Po39Xhd5jwzR8tPp/MvrfT8/QYJoQjEAioFqkIdaVLCNbQImzttBynslHt0i0jXAB1SoWI0xgWXdBxcOiCvzCrpinWVg7wNdtsdJn0EHMT5pcYyy7wBQtRLVBOqUpdhjNgYntNSkYDvFfSaLAkyXQJzCkvSW/Z0IpQ48w2WdMDMwno0MUQOmGLzLaHMTYyjpcLuNCiFHA7y+4LzuzPyacEBNr0ls2UNpdZunbojRJbAhxaCFBa2RZ6yT6fN7zMaHlp9/8At5AiZGY3Y3spfXaXtVk16QrGm3fLi2kWOoxqUtAjHEKhRL2B6JjFuyxBu7ojd11ipJaStEC5WHomGjbbJUayxOJgWzBK03UJgNGdiE6dHEO02TCNIFdpQE8PELlXCv1hJe8YlGUEsqNTQMHMxMh/AhyynGsbvPQS0oVXmUeiRCyqxBgapbQVC82c7x/qGTA0N+uS4fURkI65uRirCyOfsmYUmgXEam+0YetnP07fxco4/ueK7Q/gURa4MQVw7HiCj762lKD0IeuqsJWwFGEIdAbnCgwAaZg3h1pgXCJtKlqZVC0LcvEvNxKwYfaEPMharBuBqNKlwVDOcLOwPSxsE5f8QNZNEG3eE2djmON8aCGihjX/ACmIHZUUJgvau3hQbTfIyhYBgywb1gBV+I5iqSagJQsrpY3Fm6GEJuxUpQEXuRfSJxHVhxE202CFBzYqYpqZOOlK4WzDCJdpslhv6fO7zPLGl5afV/f2ys6cESsRTX+4WuPWoUduOEQEB15JrAnECqpvYmj1DLLluZls0thmJChpUU8BM7bmypbRwu0TLDozGoiGC4YRsEiV2hlqZBe2ybwRq1UnGNYHPHbmXkuha0mB09RmEoHHMJgLUFRfaOjIxfVomJq1PaZy2IPvCIl7DmVL00JpFZKdQ1hYzmMzawBUa71DbvMJTi7m+EbcXXACuiRtMdDbZvTtXMadMfYfn5noTSvyr+AcRrNGGpAAa3G9S8y4IMjm5vCbwqXn0iQiMcIU1gYrRm5XpGdzRelKuwjOMBoTuolr/wCSuEC4WwLU5gQN7BlNkjWgMdowCCoYLDo7R3qmDSEPQ70uDV+vWWQyY4I0G2iaRBEPWswMdjUmAQq7g2pbUpOmyMTBaI1xHS9WIFbW2wQoDk3Yi30POhaRHrHBwTJ47r0hSQMLaONZyrMGHsvSLb9Z12nmd5ff+/8A2aHlp1uX9V9PxLly4f3BsuaU8VAmFWZoClaQ20Omt5UZUxNpVbFxCgzb7zGXuka0YTpvqECUo2IbS1AnMo5a0csEwIJlBmQcoe2WFUAqWlesYzwFCBDMCb7Jgv3ECIbkbzQElC3WMt5WJzP9iO9Ou4jy6E0IRjbG8Q1qjS4JWrSUkQFC7zRqcvECG2UxtDnAzAhmHNbwiJeknCCsYILuq226CXDgf663L5l9b+jRecy+/wDf/s0PLT7xnvK7dDoUaO5CG2UOUbD2lo8tmkqRa2XLqR1No1Mp7zaG+z0Fs4QGhLluGMGzmxnA5UmPXaLRbolSS0w5hqYuINSLWdyn7S5EMhzGo7vpAhltdwwyBYwrYBqBjgaN81QD6yxLReEL/JDA663vP6EtGCQEUR0bzWTbDVhiYmGF2w7QKtGFSxIP4g9C7VbQ5JleWWXRowBcptzB0LgL2+54neX3/v8A9mh4afdAXAHMo9fG8tUq2rMAZHDo9TinMrsYmiDAtpQlhpjG5G43Go1v7dppKAP7IqMplV79DJVVpFq4zn1hgob3AmAua0jAYctIaxsxTc5wPFkXUxK2fcywdFTuS+hZhgqC+UBW4TdA2fJIjlNyClW+sbmM7su/kJKSjoqAMFld4iq996wKvXEWlhMI1mEnDIIz2MduwxAQGjdcajAte0vtPLOssPHCtLajqwTD7gazIXUev3Hgd5nvNDy0+7oqvfiDRKY1GsYCwbdAIGkikFuaaXED+iX3iFt7qpXIuwMkOCbty2kbF1hA6WElIVEAFq/OkyBBWJRd3JiqozsI0lkEFXZ4QR+Ra9INaHbSVxn+RMqlkMQiKFChE9n8E72+VQuKM7LZdWWauEAk2lPcdls4M5oRM8JYG0ARTwWMXROu0ySXlMRx8DFIWdpbHTVu0Bh1lzLiwalEpufFGqMJy4lbmyjWZ+94HcmPKmh5adfT7Wl4dYvTjfaBnKxglRNHnqm7aInZp2ixRgQoc32yuR2iBsU7souusdkx1tIcJYwqWqwgEsbAYCOCAc2jpH0IWPbDkiw0PrEso44RSXNSBM2AuIFtqTUxUqs2BZQI3tEYCukUvzwC60L5mKR2Yg00GKmZV7QjYOG0uqVZiYBVGMCP5lg46C4IKFYjRq41DeW2rvBpbI2l4ysYQoQcvv8Agd5ff+//AGaHlp90n5oYmmnhrSKurfXtCOyW1qUFr2zAuzLpbqDtmwkQwN97lMVy1jFtXOJkgFVesZshbubjAbmVT62kei7zLKr4JDSULy1NTxo6EXgS5OY9UzOxKqtbiciUhk2eiXiveKdx2jkG4IFomljUVsqVOFsKqFu9M6iYm3TSbjN4aJefqmVZBuaU2YIQfVkKXLMrOrpFLbMiu4EbQUVLO8pBdh/A8TvK9PeaHhp/FVrhjLYLFNoRW4m0RXS6NXLcolX2i+g8cpoT3ZJdeMkU5R0CBWhezA0jeF1GdkAl2pF1Uqg2lNY3HPGkKweRekZJtMFYbqjllfENQbgAYViMgRN1WnRiLXbAJA9UN1cKIUqBEAhbwmJZW3ZXQVWTWzr9f4+/4neZ8uaHlp/GLEzdMzkUFGWGAOiNyaRzKoVpwgOik9b0dSDWpcXuotqxpSHWWjFC1uHEt3YNNzNdr/wvid5fd7zQ8NP5NdD6Px/iKni95Tv5+J5LtN5tKlSpUrpXSu8qVKld+v5lSpXQ6ZlSuuZUqH0V0rv0qfmViVKlSun5ldalSulSsdKlSpWJUqV0qfmV087vM8veaHlp/wDD1PI7zHL7TQ8tPqr6MfXUx/Mx/Gx9Hmd5+PdNHw0+3X8Sv8T53eV4ZpeGnXb6qlSmV1rpXSpXSmVKldKldKlSuldK6V0rpXWpXWulSpUrpXSnpXWulSutdfC7yu39f+TQ8tJXSpUrpUrpUqV0qVKlSpUqVKlSutSpUqVKlSpUqVKlSpUrpUqVK6VKlSulSpUqVKlSpUqV0qVKlSpUHm5mOX2ngu3+fz9nyu8o5JpeGkzM/wALP38/Vn68/Xn68/Vn6PO7nTT8NPsV0rpUqV9Fd+lSulda611rpXWun56V9FfTXfpXfrXT89K+iutfRXTyu/QAIH9E+cnb+8+enZ+87b3ny07f3nb+87f3nb+87P3nb+87f3nbe87b3nb+87f3nZ+87f3nz07L3nb+87f3nb+8+eny07b3nzXTO39589O3952/vO3952/vO3952/vO39523vO3952/vO39589O39523vOy952/vPnp2/vO29523vO3952/vPnp2XvO3952vvO3952/vO3952/vO3952/vOz9589O3952/vO39585O39523vGjT8u8qAZxEhPn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fz5/Pn8+fxQWDIqun//2Q==)
Crédito: Wiley
Os supercapacitores são dispositivos de armazenamento de energia que complementam as baterias recarregáveis ??e podem até substituí-las parcialmente. Os supercapacitores atuais não têm densidade de energia suficiente, portanto, não duram o suficiente. Uma nova abordagem para fazer um supercapacitor com um eletrodo de "respiração" é muito superior. Como explica a equipe que o desenvolveu na revista Angewandte Chemie , eles se inspiraram em um lagarto que traz consigo uma bolha de ar para respirar quando mergulha na água.
Hoje, as aplicações para supercapacitores incluem compensação para quedas de energia de curto prazo em instalações como hospitais ou centros de processamento de dados e buffer para picos de consumo de dispositivos eletrônicos. Os supercapacitores que são carregados pela energia de frenagem ajudam os bondes e ônibus modernos a economizar eletricidade. Eles também são cada vez mais interessantes para a indústria de energia solar para estabilizar as flutuações de tensão.
Ao contrário das baterias recarregáveis , os supercapacitores são os "velocistas" do armazenamento de energia: eles podem produzir correntes muito altas em um tempo muito curto (alta densidade de potência). No entanto, são maus “corredores de longa distância” porque, mesmo com baixo consumo de eletricidade, não duram muito tempo (baixa densidade de energia ). O armazenamento de energia elétrica moderno precisa combinar ambas as características e ter um peso baixo. Infelizmente, até agora, os métodos para aumentar a densidade de energia sempre custaram a densidade de energia - o obstáculo para o avanço dos supercapacitores.
Uma equipe liderada por Long Chen, Cheng Lian, Xiangwen Gao e Chunzhong Li da Universidade de Ciência e Tecnologia da China Oriental (Xangai, China) e da Universidade de Oxford (Reino Unido) já começou a superar esse desafio. A inspiração deles veio de um pequeno lagarto. Os lagartos Anolis vivem em terra, mas também podem respirar debaixo d'água quando mergulham em busca de comida. Para fazer isso, eles trazem consigo uma bolha de ar que está presa a uma camada de escamas em sua cabeça. Debaixo d'água, eles inspiram e expiram repetidamente essa bolha. O eletrodo recém-desenvolvido feito de materiais de carbono porosos (os mais favoráveis ??foram os nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas com poros de cerca de 3 nm de diâmetro) também pode reter uma camada de gás quando submerso em uma solução de sal de mesa como eletrólito. O gás utilizado não é ar, porém, é cloro.
Durante a carga e descarga, este eletrodo sofre uma reação redox além da separação de carga usual para supercapacitores. Ao carregar, o eletrodo transfere elétrons para o cloro gasoso , reduzindo o cloro a íons cloreto, que entram na solução - o eletrodo "expira". Após a descarga, os íons de cloreto são oxidados de volta ao cloro, que retorna o gás aos poros do eletrodo - o eletrodo "inala". Usando uma variedade de métodos analíticos, a equipe demonstrou que nenhum gás de cloro escapa do eletrodo. A redução/ oxidação muito rápidae a rápida transferência de massa na fina camada de gás aumenta drasticamente a densidade de energia do supercapacitor enquanto mantém uma densidade de potência extremamente alta. A capacidade permanece no mesmo nível alto mesmo após milhares de ciclos.
Mais informações: Xiaotong Fan et al, High Power and Energy Density Supercapacitors through the Chlorine Respiration Mechanism, Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2022). DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215342
Informações do jornal: Angewandte Chemie International Edition , Angewandte Chemie