A pesquisa publicada na Nature Communications também produziu um novo calor manãtrico e cumulativo, que revela exatamente quanto calor écompactado em ondas de calor e estaa§aµes de ondas de calor individuais .
Crédito: Jason Blackeye (Unsplash)
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)
A primeira avaliação global abrangente das ondas de calor atéos naveis regionais revelou que em quase todas as partes do mundo as ondas de calor aumentam em frequência e duração desde a década de 1950.
A pesquisa publicada na Nature Communications também produziu um novo calor manãtrico e cumulativo, que revela exatamente quanto calor écompactado em ondas de calor e estações de ondas de calor individuais . Como esperado, esse número também estãoaumentando.
"Esta pesquisa éapenas a mais recente evidência que deve agir como um apelo esclarecedor aos formuladores de políticas de que ações urgentes são necessa¡rias agora se quisermos evitar os piores resultados do aquecimento global. O tempo para a inação acabou."
Na pior estação de ondas de calor da Austra¡lia, 80 ° C adicionais de calor acumulado foram sentidos em todo opaís. Na Raºssia e no Mediterra¢neo, suas estações mais extremas assam mais 200 ° C ou mais.
"Nãosão vimos mais e mais ondas de calor em todo o mundo nos últimos 70 anos, mas essa tendaªncia acelerou acentuadamente", disse a autora principal Dra. Sarah Perkins Kirkpatrick, do Centro de Excelaªncia em Extremos Clima¡ticos da ARC.
"O calor cumulativo mostra uma aceleração semelhante, aumentando globalmente em média de 1 ° C a 4,5 ° C a cada década, mas em alguns lugares, como no Oriente Manãdio e em partes da áfrica e Amanãrica do Sul, a tendaªncia éde 10 ° C por década. . "
A única manãtrica de onda de calor que não viu uma aceleração éa intensidade da onda de calor, que mede a temperatura média nas ondas de calor. Isso ocorre porque, globalmente, vemos mais dias de ondas de calor e as ondas de calor duram mais. Quando a temperatura média émedida em ondas de calor mais longas, qualquer mudança de intensidade équase indetecta¡vel. Somente o sul da Austra¡lia e pequenas áreas da áfrica e da Amanãrica do Sul mostram um aumento detecta¡vel na intensidade média das ondas de calor.
O estudo também identificou que os impactos da variabilidade natural nas ondas de calor podem ser grandes em naveis regionais. Essa variabilidade pode sobrecarregar as tendaªncias das ondas de calor; portanto, as tendaªncias regionais menores que algumas décadas geralmente não são confia¡veis. Para detectarmudanças robustas de tendaªncia, os pesquisadores analisaram como as tendaªncias haviam mudado em intervalos de várias décadas entre 1950 e 2017. Asmudanças foram severas.
Por exemplo, o Mediterra¢neo, viu um aumento drama¡tico nas ondas de calor quando medido em períodos de várias décadas. De 1950 a 2017, o Mediterra¢neo viu um aumento nas ondas de calor em dois dias por década. Mas a tendaªncia de 1980 a 2017 viu isso acelerar para 6,4 dias por década.
A abordagem regional também mostrou como as tendaªncias variam. Regiaµes como a Amaza´nia, o nordeste do Brasil, o oeste da asia e o Mediterra¢neo estãopassando por rápidasmudanças nas ondas de calor, enquanto áreas como o sul da Austra¡lia e o norte da asia ainda sofremmudanças, mas a um ritmo mais lento.
No entanto, não importa se essasmudanças são rápidas ou lentas, parece inevita¡vel que nações vulnera¡veis ​​com menos infraestrutura sejam mais afetadas pelo calor extremo.
"Os cientistas clima¡ticos previram hámuito tempo que um sinal claro do aquecimento global seria visto com uma mudança nas ondas de calor", disse o Dr. Perkins Kirkpatrick.
"A drama¡tica mudança de regia£o por regia£o nas ondas de calor que testemunhamos nos últimos 70 anos e o rápido aumento no número desses eventos são indicadores inequavocos de que o aquecimento global estãoagora conosco e acelerando".
"Esta pesquisa éapenas a mais recente evidência que deve agir como um apelo esclarecedor aos formuladores de políticas de que ações urgentes são necessa¡rias agora se quisermos evitar os piores resultados do aquecimento global. O tempo para a inação acabou."