Para testar placebos não-receptivos, os pesquisadores mostraram a dois grupos separados de pessoas uma sanãrie de imagens emocionais em dois experimentos.
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Domanio paºblico
Quanto de um tratamento éa mente sobre a matéria? Esta¡ bem documentado que as pessoas geralmente se sentem melhor depois de fazer um tratamento sem ingredientes ativos, simplesmente porque acreditam que éreal - conhecido como efeito placebo.
Uma equipe de pesquisadores da Universidade Estadual de Michigan, Universidade de Michigan e Dartmouth College éa primeira a demonstrar que os placebos reduzem marcadores cerebrais de sofrimento emocional, mesmo quando as pessoas sabem que estãotomando um.
Agora, as evidaªncias mostram que, mesmo que as pessoas tenham consciência de que seu tratamento não é"real" - conhecido como placebos não-receptivos -, acreditando que ele pode curar pode levar amudanças na maneira como o cérebro reage a s informações emocionais.
"Essas descobertas fornecem suporte inicial de que placebos não-receptivos não são apenas um produto de vianãs de resposta - dizendo ao pesquisador o que eles querem ouvir - mas representam efeitos psicobiola³gicos genuanos",
Ethan Kross,
"Apenas pense: e se alguém tomasse uma palula de açúcar sem efeito colateral duas vezes por dia depois de assistir a um pequeno vadeo convincente sobre o poder dos placebos e experimentasse um estresse reduzido como resultado?" disse Darwin Guevarra, pa³s-doutorado da MSU e principal autor do estudo. "Esses resultados levantam essa possibilidade".
As novas descobertas, publicadas na edição mais recente da revista Nature Communications , testaram o quanto eficazes os placebos não-receptivos - ou, quando uma pessoa sabe que estãorecebendo um placebo - são para reduzir a atividade emocional do cérebro.
"Os placebos tratam da mente sobre a matéria", disse Jason Moser, co-autor do estudo e professor de psicologia da MSU. "Os placebos não-receptivos nasceram para que vocêpudesse usa¡-los na prática de rotina. Então, em vez de prescrever uma sanãrie de medicamentos para ajudar um paciente, vocêpode dar a ele um placebo, dizer que ele pode ajuda¡-lo e as chances são - se eles acreditam nisso pode, então ele vai ".
Para testar placebos não-receptivos, os pesquisadores mostraram a dois grupos separados de pessoas uma sanãrie de imagens emocionais em dois experimentos. Os membros do grupo não receptivo ao placebo leram sobre os efeitos do placebo e foram solicitados a inalar um spray nasal com solução salina . Eles foram informados de que o spray nasal era um placebo que não continha ingredientes ativos, mas ajudaria a reduzir seus sentimentos negativos, se eles acreditassem que sim. Os membros do grupo de controle de comparação também inalaram o mesmo spray de solução salina, mas foram informados de que o spray melhorava a clareza das leituras fisiola³gicas que os pesquisadores estavam gravando.
O primeiro experimento descobriu que os placebos não receptivos reduziram o sofrimento emocional auto-relatado pelos participantes. a‰ importante ressaltar que o segundo estudo mostrou que os placebos não receptivos reduziram a atividade elanãtrica do cérebro, refletindo o sofrimento que alguém sente pelos eventos emocionais, e a redução na atividade emocional do cérebro ocorreu em apenas alguns segundos.
"Essas descobertas fornecem suporte inicial de que placebos não-receptivos não são apenas um produto de vianãs de resposta - dizendo ao pesquisador o que eles querem ouvir - mas representam efeitos psicobiola³gicos genuanos", disse Ethan Kross, coautor do estudo e professor de psicologia e psicologia. gestãoda Universidade de Michigan.