Pesquisadores da Universidade de Bristol descobriram que essa adaptaa§a£o evolutiva lançou as bases para os dentes incisivos, caninos e molares que todos os mamaferos - incluindo humanos - possuem hoje.
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)
Crédito: Dr. Suresh Singh
Uma espanãcie de ranãptil extinta recanãm-descoberta lançou luz sobre como nossos primeiros ancestrais se tornaram os principais predadores, modificando seus dentes em resposta a instabilidade ambiental de cerca de 300 milhões de anos atrás.
Em descobertas publicadas na Royal Society Open Science , pesquisadores da Universidade de Bristol descobriram que essa adaptação evolutiva lançou as bases para os dentes incisivos, caninos e molares que todos os mamaferos - incluindo humanos - possuem hoje.
Shashajaia éum dos membros mais primitivos de um grupo chamado Sphenacodontoidea, que inclui o famoso Dimetrodon com dorso de vela e ranãpteis semelhantes a mamaferos conhecidos como terapsadeos, que eventualmente evoluaram para mamaferos. a‰ nota¡vel por sua idade e anatomia, possuindo um conjunto aºnico de dentes que o distinguia de outros sinapsadeos - ou seja, a linhagem animal a qual os mamaferos pertencem - da anãpoca.
O Dr. Suresh Singh, da Escola de Ciências da Terra, explicou: "Os dentes mostram uma diferenciação clara na forma entre a parte frontal e posterior da mandabula, organizada em regiaµes distintas. Este éo precursor ba¡sico do que os mamaferos tem hoje - incisivos e caninos na frente , com molares nas costas. Este éo registro mais antigo de tais dentes em nossa a¡rvore evolutiva. "
A nova dentição de Shashajaia demonstra que grandes dentes diferenciados semelhantes a caninos estavam presentes nos sinapsadeos no período do Carbonafero Superior - uma anãpoca famosa pelos insetos gigantes e pelas florestas tropicais pantanosas que produziram muitos de nossos depa³sitos de carva£o.
Ao comparar analiticamente a variação denta¡ria observada em Shashajaia com outros sinapsadeos, o estudo sugere que dentes distintos e especializados provavelmente surgiram em nossos ancestrais sinapsadeos como uma adaptação predata³ria para ajuda¡-los a capturar suas presas em um momento em que a mudança climática global de aproximadamente 300 milhões de anos atrás viu uma vez - zonas aºmidas carbonaferas anteriores substituadas por ambientes mais a¡ridos e sazonais. Essas novas condições mais muta¡veis ​​trouxeram uma mudança na disponibilidade e diversidade das presas.
O autor principal, Dr. Adam Huttenlocker, da University of Southern California, disse: "Dentes semelhantes a caninos em pequenos esfenacodontes como Shashajaia podem ter facilitado uma mordida raptorial rápida em habitats ribeirinhos, onde uma mistura de presas terrestres e semi-aqua¡ticas pode ser encontrada em abunda¢ncia . "
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O novo ranãptil éum dos sinapsadeos mais antigos. Foi chamado de "Shashajaia bermani", que se traduz como coração de urso de Berman, em homenagem aos 51 anos de carreira do veterano paleonta³logo, Dr. David Berman do Museu Carnegie de Hista³ria Natural, bem como ao povo Navajo local do local da descoberta em o Monumento Nacional Bears Ears, Utah.
Dr. Singh disse: "O estudo éum testamento para o Dr. Berman, que originalmente descobriu o local do fa³ssil em 1989, e suas décadas de trabalho com sinapsadeos e outros tetra¡podes da regia£o de Bears Ears de Utah, que ajudaram a justificar o Bears Ears National Monumento em 2016. "
O local estãolocalizado em uma área conhecida como Vale dos Deuses e éde grande importa¢ncia para os paleonta³logos.
"O Monumento arquiva os esta¡gios finais do final da Idade do Gelo Paleoza³ica, então, compreender asmudanças em seus conjuntos fa³sseis ao longo do tempo vai lana§ar luz sobre como a mudança climática pode alterar drasticamente os ecossistemas em tempos profundos, bem como no presente", acrescentou o Dr. Huttenlocker .