Cigarro e vírus HPV têm efeito conjunto nas células, potencializando o risco de câncer de cabeça e pescoço
Ao analisar células da boca que expressavam proteínas do papilomavírus humano (HPV), pesquisadores observaram aumento de enzima ligada a danos no DNA e a progressão de tumores
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)
Conclusão é de estudo conduzido por pesquisadores da USP e da Universidade do Chile. Ao analisar células da boca que expressavam proteínas do papilomavírus humano e foram expostas à fumaça de cigarro, grupo observou aumento de enzima ligada à progressão de tumores e a danos ao DNA – Foto: wirestock/Freepik
Além de constituírem fatores de risco independentes para o câncer de cabeça e pescoço, o tabagismo e o papilomavírus humano (HPV) podem provocar efeitos nas células que interagem entre si, aumentando ainda mais o risco da doença. A conclusão é de um estudo feito por cientistas da USP e da Universidade do Chile, cujos resultados foram publicados em artigo no International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Ao aumentar a compreensão sobre os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos nesse tipo de tumor, a descoberta abre caminho para a adoção de novas estratégias de prevenção, tratamento ou outra intervenção capaz de beneficiar os pacientes.
O câncer de cabeça e pescoço engloba tumores nas cavidades nasal e oral, faringe e laringe. Em 2020, afetou cerca de 830 mil pessoas em todo o mundo, causando a morte de mais de 50% delas. Segundo os dados mais recentes do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Inca), foram quase 21 mil mortes no Brasil em 2019. Embora a doença esteja historicamente ligada a consumo de álcool, fumo e má higiene bucal, o HPV surgiu nas últimas décadas como fator de risco relevante, afetando uma população mais jovem e de nível socioeconômico mais alto. Hoje, trata-se de um dos tumores associados ao HPV que mais crescem no mundo.
“Em vez de continuar analisando tabagismo e HPV como fatores oncogênicos separados, passamos a focar na possível interação entre os dois”, explica Enrique Boccardo, professor do Departamento de Microbiologia do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB) da USP e coautor do estudo. “Afinal, tanto o cigarro quanto o papilomavírus humano estão associados ao aumento do estresse oxidativo e a danos no DNA relacionados ao câncer e, de acordo com estudos prévios, podem regular a enzima superóxido dismutase 2 [SOD2], que é um biomarcador de doenças iniciais associadas ao HPV e do desenvolvimento e progressão de tumores.”
Em testes in vitro, os cientistas brasileiros e chilenos analisaram células orais que expressavam as oncoproteínas HPV16 E6/E7 (a expressão foi induzida em laboratório para imitar a condição de células infectadas pelo papilomavírus) e foram expostas a um condensado da fumaça do cigarro. Foi observado nessa condição um aumento considerável dos níveis da enzima e de danos ao DNA, reforçando o potencial nocivo da interação entre HPV e fumaça de cigarro em relação à condição-controle. Ou seja, as células-controle (não expostas a oncoproteínas ou fumo) expressam menos SOD2 que células que expressam E6/E7 ou que células tratadas com fumaça de cigarro, enquanto células que expressam E6/E7 e foram tratadas com fumaça de cigarro expressam níveis maiores da enzima do que qualquer outro grupo analisado. Isso indica a “interação” entre a presença de genes de HPV e a fumaça de cigarro.
Ponto de Partida
Uma segunda etapa do trabalho, apoiado pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo por meio de dois projetos, envolveu a análise de dados genômicos de 613 amostras que integram o repositório público The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Na plataforma, são catalogadas as mutações genéticas responsáveis pelo câncer a partir de sequenciamento de genoma e bioinformática. O grupo focou na análise de transcrições da enzima para confirmar os achados.
“Apesar de serem realizados em um ambiente artificial, estudos in vitro são um ponto de partida para compreender o que acontece em modelos mais complexos e, no futuro, talvez nos permitam intervir de forma objetiva e trazer algum benefício”, afirma Boccardo. “Atualmente, por exemplo, a vacinação contra o HPV só está disponível no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para crianças entre 9 e 14 anos, porque estudos apontaram maior eficácia na prevenção de patologias genitais, mas acredito que seja possível considerar a extensão para um grupo maior de indivíduos a fim de evitar doenças em outras regiões anatômicas.”
O pesquisador destaca ainda que este trabalho conduz os resultados obtidos em laboratório para a análise clínica ao superar o calcanhar de Aquiles da pesquisa básica, que é o acesso a amostras humanas. Isso se dá graças à evolução da tecnologia, que levou à criação de bases de dados de amostras humanas, como a utilizada na pesquisa. Esses bancos incluem estudos de análise de expressão de RNA e proteínas e permitem o acesso a informações de longos períodos de tempo.
“O próximo passo seria aumentar a complexidade do modelo utilizado, analisando a questão funcional em um contexto de expressão normal das proteínas virais, ou seja, em que o promotor do HPV regule de fato a expressão das oncoproteínas E6/E7?, acredita Boccardo. No caso do estudo, essa expressão foi induzida em laboratório e não pela infecção. “Não podemos esquecer, por exemplo, que existem eventos como o processo inflamatório, que não conseguimos visualizar in vitro, mas que sabemos que, na prática, pode ter um papel muito importante no desfecho da doença.” O artigo Interaction between Cigarette Smoke and Human Papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 Oncoproteins to Induce SOD2 Expression and DNA Damage in Head and Neck Cancer pode ser lido aqui.
Este texto foi originalmente publicado por Agência Fapesp de acordo com a licença Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND.