A craniossinostose, a fusão prematura da parte superior do crânio em bebês, é causada por um excesso anormal de um tipo até então desconhecido de células-tronco formadoras de osso, de acordo com um estudo pré-clínico liderado por pesquisadores...
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Uma representação conceitual de como uma nova célula-tronco nas articulações entre os ossos chatos do crânio impulsiona o crescimento e a fusão do crânio. Crédito: imagem AI gerada usando Midjourney em 24 de maio de 2023; fornecido pelo laboratório Greenblatt.
A craniossinostose, a fusão prematura da parte superior do crânio em bebês, é causada por um excesso anormal de um tipo até então desconhecido de células-tronco formadoras de osso, de acordo com um estudo pré-clínico liderado por pesquisadores da Weill Cornell Medicine.
A craniossinostose surge de uma das várias mutações genéticas possíveis e ocorre em cerca de um em cada 2.500 bebês. Ao restringir o crescimento do cérebro, pode levar ao desenvolvimento anormal do cérebro se não for corrigido cirurgicamente. Em casos complexos, são necessárias múltiplas cirurgias.
No estudo , publicado na Nature , os pesquisadores examinaram detalhadamente o que acontece no crânio de camundongos com uma das mutações mais comuns encontradas na craniossinostose humana. Eles descobriram que a mutação leva à fusão prematura do crânio, induzindo a proliferação anormal de um tipo de célula-tronco produtora de osso – a célula-tronco DDR2+ – que nunca havia sido descrita antes.
"Agora podemos começar a pensar no tratamento da craniossinostose não apenas com cirurgia, mas também bloqueando essa atividade anormal das células-tronco", disse o coautor sênior do estudo, Dr. Matt Greenblatt, professor associado de patologia e medicina laboratorial na Weill Cornell Medicine e pesquisador. patologista do NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center.
O outro coautor sênior do estudo foi o Dr. Shawon Debnath, pesquisador associado do laboratório Greenblatt.
Em um estudo publicado na Nature em 2018, os drs. Debnath e Greenblatt e seus colegas descreveram a descoberta de um tipo de célula-tronco formadora de osso que chamaram de célula-tronco CTSK+. Como esse tipo de célula está presente na parte superior do crânio, ou “calvária”, em camundongos, eles suspeitaram que ela desempenhasse um papel na causa da craniossinostose.
No novo estudo, eles investigaram essa possibilidade projetando ratos nos quais CTSK+ as células-tronco CTSK+ não possuem um dos genes cuja perda de função causa a craniossinostose. Eles esperavam que a exclusão do gene de alguma forma induzisse essas células-tronco da calvária a entrarem em ação acelerada na produção óssea. Esse novo osso fundiria o material flexível e fibroso chamado suturas no crânio, que normalmente permite sua expansão em bebês.
“Ficamos surpresos ao descobrir que, em vez da mutação nas células-tronco CTSK+ levar à ativação dessas células-tronco para fundir as placas ósseas do crânio, como esperávamos, as mutações nas células-tronco CTSK+ levaram ao esgotamento dessas células-tronco. nas suturas - e quanto maior o esgotamento, mais completa será a fusão das suturas", disse o Dr. Debnath.
A descoberta inesperada levou a equipe a levantar a hipótese de que outro tipo de célula-tronco formadora de osso estava conduzindo a fusão anormal da sutura. Após mais experimentos e uma análise detalhada das células presentes nas suturas de fusão, eles identificaram o culpado: a célula-tronco DDR2+, cujas células- filhas produzem osso usando um processo diferente daquele utilizado pelas células CTSK+.
A equipe descobriu que as células-tronco CTSK+ normalmente suprimem a produção de células-tronco DDR2+. Mas a mutação do gene da craniossinostose faz com que as células estaminais CTSK+ morram, permitindo que as células DDR2+ proliferem de forma anormal.
Para investigar essas células-tronco em tecido humano , a equipe formou uma colaboração com a cirurgiã de craniossinostose Dra. Caitlin Hoffman, a neurogeneticista Dra. e o cirurgião de craniossinostose Dr. Thomas Imahiyerobo da Faculdade de Médicos e Cirurgiões Vagelos da Universidade de Columbia e do Centro Médico Irving da NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University.
Os investigadores encontraram as versões humanas de células estaminais DDR2+ e células estaminais CTSK+ em amostras de calvária provenientes de cirurgias de craniossinostose – sublinhando a provável relevância clínica das suas descobertas em ratos.
Os resultados sugerem que a proliferação inadequada de células-tronco DDR2+ na calvária, em bebês com mutações genéticas ligadas à craniossinostose, poderia ser tratada suprimindo essa população de células-tronco, através da imitação dos métodos que as células-tronco CTSK+ normalmente usam para prevenir a expansão de células-tronco DDR2+. . Os pesquisadores descobriram que as células -tronco CTSK+ estaminais CTSK+ conseguem esta supressão através da secreção de uma proteína do fator de crescimento chamada IGF-1, e possivelmente de outras proteínas reguladoras.
“Observamos que poderíamos prevenir parcialmente a fusão da calvária injetando IGF-1 sobre a calvária”, disse a primeira autora do estudo, Dra. Seoyeon Bok, pesquisadora de pós-doutorado no laboratório Greenblatt.
“Posso imaginar tratamentos com medicamentos supressores de células-tronco DDR2+ sendo usados junto com o tratamento cirúrgico, essencialmente para limitar o número de cirurgias necessárias ou melhorar os resultados”, disse o Dr. Greenblatt.
Além da investigação orientada para o tratamento, ele e os seus colegas procuram agora outras populações de células estaminais formadoras de osso no crânio.
"Este trabalho revelou muito mais complexidade no crânio do que alguma vez imaginamos, e suspeitamos que a complexidade não termina com estes dois tipos de células estaminais", disse o Dr. Greenblatt.
Mais informações: Matthew Greenblatt, Uma base de células-tronco múltiplas para craniossinostose e mineralização calvária, Nature (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06526-2 . www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06526-2
Informações do periódico: Natureza