O dióxido de carbono detectado na lua de Júpiter, Europa, vem do vasto oceano sob sua concha gelada, indicou uma pesquisa usando dados do Telescópio Espacial James Webb, potencialmente reforçando as esperanças de que a água escondida possa abrigar...
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cbTcUxJu4XzkovlfCeVU0mxBV29+ihXjTi3noGG644vq/1qOqhVCoqSqCqYSqqicJinT6LJkyY9p8UnGR5HCuEqm2ThxhcWGuH/AF0MK8acW86/DhDlcWOuP/Wm83WyaXLLmVDMESCcZqTEuJUkxXCZP2Tvk+QnlROn918iXHDFO46CFeNOLedZsIcqvrO+mEwmy5cuy5ZUEnCqt9FpnAcjYky4T+p0Tr7QwDJxd+6+5fyQxTuNeFeNOLedVhuU5rj16lOJdpMZUovUuypP60XTz4gnm4TyY5HZgnn8FHCqIS/kh+nuNaFeNOLedXjxes/4zV0aSITJlQqq3KYLdV/pP2TjdfKrpNkbI3Yyp2TpsKfvJsnF3Em7GVUeH06sK8acW86n8uP9dC63Zc26qqSfDvLmKfst/wBLhK4kJOnzMnmyOZ0fZUmyrkZP7T4dwy/8TtqQrxpxbzp8WIco/wA9JtOq3XbLROvjQKYzdDK/ZV0HkZN7SOJHBiRw4txpwrxpxbzpcIQw4ejpJ57ppVXKm7mTFU0xL6yfM8MvvN8IGX3k4h6hpwrxpxbzpV9R3zPrUk+Sn9ydH2TnuqTIM6aREmC+U03Gf6m/tl/kw7HfShXjTi3nR/kIoNteubaXLKq+J8I2kAmmDJlTOyeQTCY0PtNIzGFCfDi2RwnRhXjTi3nQGEIYRsMzdA0qbqqoZboNtLaqaVZud9IyGYKknQ9pA5TlceoaMK8acW86HGdz0tJthXzLdVXwqquSpTZW0eHKBMhATM2TTMmk42xaEK8acW85wO3fqGwovvJnRVVRPi3ThPr/ADN8vwv3N5lfc37CZyN/WhCvGnFvOd+562qebZ69D+5CbohBMuHCm0OLsc8K8acW85gO3fqapnTzcqkqzPQtl/cvqZCdBcI0iM8K8acW85uL36SuWudk0zqDSxJ5CT5hIp5tJ/fNCvGnFvOUD3QA6imjSZ6YoZXyjQ+cOaFeNOLecpxe3UV3y/CbrvrK6c6TGTI4csK8acW85fvo20aKmV+pYJsj6tJDHlhXjTi3nIB+XbI4k82Ezp/MsQywrxpxbzk+uur1Lp87nIdSsiMkK8acW85Cfzb52GU6T++SFeNOLecg/M06h/bJCvGnFvOQDwGvQHJCvGnFvMx+cplr0JRE4V404t58AczfozOFeNOLefAGz06KFeNOLeZnxMThXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjTi3nxmFeNOLefGYV404t58ZhXjN//8QAKhAAAgIBAwQCAgIDAQEAAAAAAAERITEQQVEwYXHwIIGRoUCxYMHRUOH/2gAIAQEAAT8h+Pvef8Z97z0/e8/4z73np+95/wAZ97z0/e8/4z73np+95/xn3vPT97z/AOIk3g2e8tQYh5/+B3E8JN8/Cg3Rcq/LC2V/L/6NQV5hJw/Z5GcN9g8JD/YSFf21GDROw/qy/wDF97z0/e8/+AmaEbfYxzJ9Rq2+yGcZu4/SsLawJNzwia2T4GmCXxJKM/yNdiTGFDEJxRK6Y62NJOFY2JMk/o3hdmfgJdGyvlWv/B97z0/e8/zUpwWtHNSxecKkK4WeDyGjIbU7CMspiRq6oshqZ4FHcVKgShimf0HsYjzLO2SqgdYogmbJJQoLkp4PAxMSGfj5WROfp/7JWWGy1/O97z0/e8/y5eHsY4vK/wAn5rGRhPZMeNxsUu8Cbn6Ea7k2xGdf0KSInM8CKkiSYgqEdIkQzotbibixwdOicZsTZ2CYyhxClFciMkT2IglYPGkjD28kiSa2f8v3vPT97z/Jlee2xDSP1CDxgkOFGOjLQvsNRDYal4LQdIbvTG+W5IkoeBUb2NShqf7JtjEBkNiZtua4LbY4b0HkTgh7v8icOoMjcmyDYk9ygykZkiY1NGKLf7Ex3kyThNw/5Pveen73n+Osvs2RYvQ7sXpKLA4Ipj8xHd/k5AKaqZY1DsIJaHOwpLUQRyojZM8DpieIEnMliEIq/wBghyJP6E4Y8iQqIxuR8kPZjmkD9oY/0NCyLwWEaVknohip0pQo8DaIZu3gOe1lRuY7EsmmRZTyTP8AvRqHD/j+956fvef40JN+1kWibvdkGIQm19jTUKR5qSB8kQpxuO1SMpBG7wIZDOPImyX+hyPwdh3e7P8AgYywCQ41E6l7iN5hjU/pGRJ+TI2WhUUhlDcET8mU1fAkuW2CLEPfkkRbuWHgghCJ55EiwJeVJsEDUjhgakbIwLIX4e0Z0ng/je956fvef4k0oQsP6kJCoVciZUyP74UyyOFHZHFQTNWR5/5BCScCKFCEjuYklnCGO8cEKY2chpEUyF7JMdzhSIxJ7CcKG+wrWmSvgokpX0NpZ0ZGE1QoWSS8lhiM8rKJQsuUMnZrAn0H/RPRWQkQ3KydxvoTSPlnQpdHOVyMklvdw/i+956fvef4exll/wDRTj+zMKRNj+4aL/AaWz8kIdsassjMhk5FK8Ih5SOaESyHMi4NIql0uEJljay5FrX6EmdTBUho+JFxP52El80in9SMX4CLwiJ2P6KOScwqE+xcWNzQm1Cfs2J3dhLiUIjyvISbajSWGPT3dnyUZD/6Ie6LOHBkbMSA3PcSLDw3E6ZMVzY7lgXV85WM/wC/4fveen73n+E6C2tnLyKVIJhImoQgslsIy8lI2iCCHNSvwWTfkjVo7lsJEhu1oSYpVuNTgh3zA5eFuJ4mtg6Y+yewRWdTTYlGUFlypHbUiSuXrSDTCyNUoE1RCHAbjsYwowO77JAyCTo4SDJsoyEOcIeQWexA7Ym5a4Mxb4JhiEyNLyfodf0ZzYaEu+N4NN+zN6bD4N8nx/Ce956fvef4C0ltsJCFKnag6wY8ieioaBysEqCIsv2RuSdQJyoMilKPfPwSt0Cg7NkjH4Yv0q2G921y3BlpPYaqWdmKpwSqGGycEKUIaHVKB2k7k4nnufQtR/Yog8Ik7bhiaSiZKbErcksI3uUY4dlUXPJEqvIqYmnv/wBkIWU7oTcbUwE5pjg2WngeOX+xs8pbI2FsjPBFB4I+GnzuPnL+3+C97z0/e89dWYZhIqgwNkZIOtEj4aOksmyEnOBo0EcC3J7khPYbD7EHCWPaGmrSPCdCk3IKVjY3TMFETpIqjyNqVYaLCaY1UJbaWxoWky2DZOURq7GsFakWpndcikOyY/2OIWfrL8rYbfIZI45FlRUDbbovPuEOyHqJkjN5vYoKr3HJlQWHBKIWrHO+wO3jt/A97z0/e89ZGcZhIlcHkf60b5HGTAeL0wKw1ZoRsS0Y3gD4SQsk5GrbEKr6KjUSmd1dzO0vHgrH6HmBAKzewoBtjZ/vYkixM5bMB8oaDG8j2OS2Y22h9slDHgomLtZsooKCSbTFwIwWno+4rvbFwdhpI23Its5D0gTaUxwkHMQGTrYZeORZKlt7sTd/IjcNsyMapgFi4x8jSK3/AFn1/e89P3vPVWVyyEioTcvgT2GgadxlFDcIg4DXRsRHkwmhyxtJLgSGilJIKB9jPI1vK/A5aH9hNZqfs3ImUUy2JkzlvuySWrPkRnEIlwbPn+yD33Q00hLp+QmQsiVT4J85M2NuLFCSrWsLciI2lDgnAsNZloiexJAyLyRQnDayPW8sG+jlmSFx3A2Uy9xkwyKsWV3QPLbmRWrRNHv/AGKsllH9Dre956fveeolLhFQ6BQTZPkaVBwhdwZUNsTjyYV5Hckt4GL/ANCPAUXmSrB9zhF0aGOVxTsLG4VNHBA5WTZTbgUIqNyMluE7TkPg1XKF8pDtaUoXMkrpfkb8azejUIl7NhLMI2hi/iGpoYHbtkmxzKcFhB5mSXJcpwxuCe/BKbOX3GPKfFwjmBOSEI0l5A6iV5QpferyUzaMNySLe/HV97z0/e89TErx/wBmFo1SE9yLfYswNUyUvOjcEtOWRh7UlN2JQ2jcYjnISVhm5bI4ZMdwREDhk25YvYchicNpSWVDOdbDOQWwjW4icNTIyEJwPB3IVPsTo3FtERJuW7noTnBk4EkFudgdGKXDdFwsohHuMmDNtExFQwMOTu9xKb2PAnHeHms6EBokT2cDlA5VkSfstFyUkGiJ5yOp73np+956ec23yFxshu4HY/QYoyixTZleTLOwlg8kMs+gUgzYUO3kf2FNzX4GmWQ0NKiEqUJYu0hMoJ0ShTfWDgavcls++4zLA04vkcUQTWdIK3ITgWlX4IREwJw0a3JcCtfWggSlKRKQrQm4kjkpBQ1DsSET4Mg7gZClLX6KifgmzZihvvpg0W0bzuM2zWVZOzDHyRS8ipyoyObNlzPVokY+rB8MTFHTPe89P3vPSUfsfCFUQkhwWgrsm4mmEq4Iwxh6JgY3wfsSewszdDuioyJG5pFciiApSbZjRkE5e2CrMbRKgWWT+hshhiRKmdEmq8RCpuRm3ByJl+ApKtDw8GPI+9GA3AbW4v0x/wAwoT8siRHMIQkK2NxksN+DNt8GCMjb9NEnn9CfG4/AFVLA5UlkcBOmUofg2NlEv3RgskVG113XHT97z0/e89FJtwrbEmCGka5KVTkYsGyY3ZFJCyPIuOCexhwUC80VFSYaEUEMhVEGxWEwPBSldjBDzZYluEtchomqXyU3ErzgTBFt4IZzkTonllTEoinYzGx2NyLQ4tZGnuGm4hkaZgncUswLvJKF3biw79CrDO6MQ+bbcTht6Y8Gsoa1bDkCVD4J6eUSHyQglknwSy2Hs3TKTeTBvYTJlFfcl5E4ZTl/0fS97z0/e89H/wC/gS3E1AyMj3bjk4kK1JubjGxbZJCJEWh5wjsyECUusEOYCo7D7duNzh09mLeKs48P2SHJ26JTsTL/ANCRQk2ncQSwSqeBps/ABJVDLEiDcWhuxi1aSHijKsfLbCNmmDeGiZ2JJDl/oQtMTGTHJJqFjkk9LBxGGbG2wn2uv2JErcm5z9FJqEGrcrFFtN5yRNu5Ksl/uNkAlEXAzy3WjFY2TaDw+V0fe89P3vPQ3yv0VpoE9yRtQOtAnu3EKmTsNzggG5GJs7kKLNiJhoYlvBNYGpyKX2DqiEwVw0i7dyZAXF+CRQlsasUwYkxqrJXDZINfSEnmgzGGulDhDhEMW5P+BssnyMcprgtMUvIQQ6lyQSs2l9CQxsbbJnJDkvjclCs3hZEWtrRZJmyxuL+8dyYf7KMGskhKl7jpGYkRNzEsROEp20TpO6/ZSc2ruuj73np+956E6nh8C3Gn2SNyTox0rkNt9ywMmBtGx2gznIx2P8mJrgV5ZQSirPBKJdNjeZyKa255H0CrhQ7ikUfslk1OwXdSvCGans2HtIsxcdxrckTgFCooNxH4CkQm+4lDBqVAkUJiY1TK8JG0siHDknNttIZEgSqPCCpPJyROkbODtDcilzuJ3eDzSRO+YFaSW7DHUOTL62MULKOGSKNiVsiUPaiqN5duh73np+95+ciYWIgTQlcs31kyhaHwYQjIbg3J0lyNBuIFKgXLJKbnAm9mR8yNnK+eCUNLZYqSNgKWxJEwjDl2ZClqkdzNYRf2wI0iuSTwjKbE5SkQyNbr8D4wJtLImyzY1lE0U86NKImmLFEsRU8jUVfyJE8sbC2cljsRM0MSVJsz9ws9mS33Ildo2N7Dd5gdI8CZj/U2Njkq2u5E+KE3Es3/ANhGzTyvn73np+95+d7W6PMfGSZEjuJGuCTAb2PvRtomityySiWkzEPcWyrL1MC04WCckIN3g2t9ym9zKkVPGw4E42MZUCuhLiV8Cf8A2JLIzKRqFldxQcBPRorRigeYQojECynyMCyGhxoEI0sULQrlE2KsFobj5b0J5OCZ+ozm5OmbDEQBuPoPYmPqPF80ZN/Rxe6MUV//AOvz97z0/e8/KbMLGa4JUjcayIYJHo3LZHpMGWbULNkspE1TuJ5EI7iq6Gw8uxNRYwWEitCZszycpUNqqSE0uQ8QS+yETnuRaRi5sp0oIbD8iElicOGMd2KRLEFtL0QsA+dx4aG5JWi7tIWZMjXAbCF9Awy4IYLJNOzsNx9BKpwijsCoUbDYsoHaMeO8lUGRJ/0L3XK8jUOH8ve89P3vPymWz/UmKJ0k2GSPJJNaPKJ0N8E2f2TG1EtqJCtJ0TuvwQPAobmDsxZOMsgsDQje5jJOCTSIXkyypkDkyZiVZViUyHlY7kTfBB1YmPA3JJMSWsUsdgmTEOdj6XuYCUWWkQIbG3kbwmlnLGsTA9thdR3MLl4LM3toh7Bs5iTchBTh9h3LGH2ZVsX+Xveen73n4tQ5aBVsgTFpsTpOrEk6vI+UTNjnE0K2Ru32Mq+xKGJFpwNQjN33KaTyhcGReKMQdZY6hqUpESUJWlDCE0TNhwE2ryJJGZQO9x2oQ94G2HO2ZuNGYKaSSfiRhDdoEp70kIORLcYDAVL2Jlh4Q9Zy8Lgz++RtuBvjRSO5bGw8yMSpMSe8i+Xveen73n4ygqWvJvQtZlwMknWTIbEkkmDG1MjuPN4KUpnsQ8BrRkQGgdyXTENEkJHB+RY2N3DdEqAlg8oc7DeXcgmmMMUOxps3JMLIzkTZDX7MvByJHbdDoNzUTe7He8oloTIVD7lkhBOTEXc7U0fA9DQ7sprO9FsaFEUYTPjRDyLNjA+GWUvA/hnXx97z0/e8/GF5sdhEjtCQeSSSSpG6PJJNHgJ7DsLKrE0SY2sUN3CKFAuSjGuRpQyfef0N0hPLFCobBqcKBciYNjz8E0xgi5NxuPOkjQhBPSgwksmTDwbnCIUGYX5FCEyjvJY+2hkThtlCxsZZvhjOBMm0C5LhYgkThjdjGQOSMEydLw/j73np+95+EWbuBQoLCQ2Jk6TBOfhOiTY8jlkxk2ErBbwTRSJuNiSJY0JlTpErcSjGBVWgnqQcB6zgigkm2ulobgWjCGP8ENKskTJoblwTowS0KwjwStyEOiDOSSJ4IonJjZ9jdm6gdjwjZM3JwG2GE6TyPAzOBrB1sZmTycux8fe89P3vPwmV+WjYmjcmibHBPwkwyRskfLHMeSIsMLgG9kdhQKqkT5/Q7aITY2LWNiiHwGeRGWSFuhww2IhJVckyiSTBwitCyYwTRkSTZAhQmzKJFo2FyI4MmREU2xuG3shIXliLdFjcvR9yRkJJGMbaJQseKyRGTt0/h73np+95+EXJcaNbs2ESST8ZHiROUOTYuL0uWNxpRY6QnooG1MCUKG4HW5bLE7omjChhhZj5FyG9x2SZkBJK5HkTgQnoxsT3JgyE4GoVq2Y8DBvpJuQy1fJM+yJqTDROVAiRH9DbyO5ZEk6TZImNRuLZyiPsPh73np+95+IpsbsT0TQtJJNhiwSYLek9hsT/AEZqDCBRAsiUK+wwq0+z+jBNGwnZKJSZZiyLdHcNHbcQ3Gh3qdxaskQglxZA7C2/soP3GUwSW6NgnYhpZEpyxat5MdUMT0NQm5FRlVd3w97z0/e8/DxREk2TWi0nSYEGbDyMmtJUEiEpJZNCHbKgfA2kMlid6SPTcQxH9hsZ3EzY7E+NMmCTzo3ohl7sduESaC0FBaQoTlEIlzlrJgNAohOieiySNfkbsQWL8Pe89P3vOqz5iT08CwTcaSSSNjauWTYnfYbJuERsTwUiU0SJicDCvIkpGIbF8FkbhdxdxPnQ9HlDdmCbN9GbGMbaMRIsjUUOXAob2DMkJS+596BJchPVI3sNLjSSTceRMQpVkikcGh2g7APX3vPT97zqkr2GxPSRUSSLRoVGx3J0zonBNm5AjcdCwRo1uLGjTFQzcncTgVsbjRhNCY2IkZtqx6xo3Asy9ZhMhsZq1+BpnBbsTRlsmttEobsyWT8CRMVGlt5Y1/Asd69fe89P3vOuZ9hsmidWSTpJI2KRJJI3oxaRpubfBGRDyPsZWkCHYmNiF8Vj4txE6LImNtDQhTTY0uBMISly9ELTux3k0cySdZJFQVImZmGjC+2vveen73nXeEydESN6b6SSSINiJO4mO/iTom6wNsXwZnWdGSTpOhi1knRsXxIENpZLZTgq8lBl9lpJMaSPkdjQhjcbJJ0k2Gg5a/0TaRJn9tfe89P3vOuL0TJ0kmidW9E6SN1oiRaST3HyJ6okbJgbF8ZJ0nR4EST8JljEq+GWjgXMs5CuxX40nR2J6Sdx21pJJn4cEhnImjb5197z0/e864abEk6TpJsTotJJ12FpC3EkidJNiSdJnRfGZMdCSTJMIXwy9HwyLncbgV5ETDJPDjTcwJG7JFnSTbWdGxsakJ2TEmLzr73np+951qifhOk6T8J1T0nSRsllibd6vSTxpv8ACTYnWdJJ1zruSSZ0nSTLnVkm+m48E6N0LGuCagT0T0kaybRsP+2vveen73nXEkT+c6zpZ96T8U0eCJ6DJJJ0knoZ1n4SPRmdZHpJIh69vg2Jk6Jkk2jImyTF5197z0/e86onSSfjOs/KetOsk9Cfg3q3rJJMiJJ0eCdG9J17/JsnSbJsk3JGxr73np+95+KZJJJJJPRWk/CSSSehPxnSfjJOk6zoyRayToidW9J+E6PREkkk6NmWvveen73n5yST8ZJ1kknWSSy/jPynrT8Z+Ek6yTZJJPwn4TrJJJJJJI9fe89P3vPTknWSSSdJJ1kknqz/ABp0n5SSTpJOkk6ySSST8fe89P3vP8CdJJ1kn4T8p6c/+HOk9D3vPT97z/DkkknWf/GknWelJPT97z0/e8/yJJJJJ1nWflOkk/xJ1n4TpP8AB97z0/e8/wDgyT0ZJJ+M9Sf5fveen73n/Gfe89P3vP8AjPveen73n/Gfe89P3vP+M+956fvef8Z97z0/e8/4z73np+95/wAZ97z0/e8/4z73np+95/xn3vPT97z/AIz73np+95/xn3vPT97z/jPvefl//9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABAABTzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzygAAABTzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzygAAABTzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzT+sgAcDP/AE88888888888888888oAAAAU888888888888847Gq01gtzWPsnrnX488888888888888oAAAAU888888888884vTca8KL0B05FOM1W/5N2888888888888oAAAAU8888888888gL1WiTXgRC1a7CLZa9ZmnhWz8888888888oAAAAU888888884OnfZ7dz64s2T1NeRcHUBFDqTJU088888888oAAAAU88888888GQ+t0lGVnmH818xMLcFc7ffl1Efk08888888oAAAAU8888888nGb9jlBR5EJmIPxq/k2L/krSTok34m0888888oAAAAU888888woHly/Cqx8Wu3HiALLs+5OAWhi/qQklk088888oAAAAU88884AfsJlYpyUFN9GR02TIsr1oPgl5q/Dom3rX88888oAAAAU88889eq7aekfxWyGj6sVrZU3QYBWO5v9uy1C487a8888oAAAAU8884odnsVa0oSY5vOMLf3rEjvKVGL6BmIhk9ZInd0888oAAAAU888PIP7iwA/I7vlXIzQ3jTfzChhhAh4KuCNUADag0888oAAAAU88os6FZAfmKnplrfeX7ww6t8v7fSCNJyeC5jgbDZt888oAAAAU88EQYrUvAH/ADE0AtPWe+pqvEsPCMvThIsf9v8AhGqzFLzygAAABTyhvi+8W8Qfw89JtLgx4IkMsFplkKF0ilntTXs/E4gHTygAAABTyi/E2HFOx0vOqct6h47FHviO6Hq5+FS4RHp3ZHy8vBzygAAABTxVFn3GqQZkNxvdtc631gNexuFnxXHFHm3CEaGd69r77ygAAABTwwhpUQ2X8cCYOPr9HCZdkjAO/JgsSN0K52opDNb9UEnygAAABTzTzJohZb7Wr7vQevqzPMjxC2MVhjti8wvixEuJlwwdrygAAABSj2K1ILrvGAWNPht2Vl37Vm9TQ/hHL6CD+U7gvWCOABfygAAABSikMGU3lIHHu2/8OMQTwnEfHMccumGVuwHWP+dCdO2DXygAAABSjHGlmuq59G/uWPPEHWGcVklP/wDvHdb8eVnbimv4MzuJcoAAAAU8QVpFlVj3bjRlxBxxPLBlxhRVv7Xj9EySCaOzOkY5nb8oAAAAU88IQQsQxdxblBdh997zJ9FNP/v/AIwwb2XSXfYFy6xQBPKAAAAFPPPDAAAEIMPZHYVYQ84wyTTRTQUc804x2w8+bCMMADPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPLCAAAAEMAAAAIAEMMMMMMIMAEMMAAAADDPPPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPPPPLDDDDPPPLDDDDDDLDDDDDDDDDHPPPPPPPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPKAAAAFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPKAAAAHPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPIAAP/EACQRAQACAgMAAgMAAwEAAAAAAAEAERAhIDFBMEBQUWFgcYCB/9oACAEDAQE/EP8AOROQtmv4RE/DhcE9wMAS40y4Xc3BblOEsf1iz8EFwHsKIYLB8YdQH2FEslwbjFlI7jciz7+idmCglalwtiVEdSx3ERplWIJ0jU7Qm7iGURK+4EKgGOmyf7RHZENo6ZTuD7ggz+Q9xexHe5cINJtEBTE+y7lQJQRJH1KWUkSDSX2lXuCuAXNFkQbg8R61Bply4MdIn1rglYDcQlQb7l71BQL2RD1Dbc0J0yMNQaZQyjUdtwQcXW5siS/qLcFwNSsK2Xgv6hGmJUt0yqxU1LVgqXgVMV/4Y7KhsqUy6wpfsFN/TYEEWXCEYy4Eog3qG4vjA/cdRbyPksvMaYlNzbgtVHcBSWDf0FwQwwg7iy/cPYwZfpGW+x3uDio9wipwCtsZ5Hg7VPRgfomDgzuXBZVkqEGppgSqyYb1CPVy7jsnkuV7BydNRg18y8B3Lhlya3KVjUqdw1h3KyG4TuzF6n8hsl+YuHrDswrPluXLxcGDLiyz3FSo/qf1lw1i8OKntw2y93GHUG2XUWE7RsUTxDuCoqfkXFhg4Vl6hn+8CewKhuMVFQi6nmF4PMWorMKz43vBzrBkGOGf3BqGGdZ/sduNmVqGtMduOhGDrD39IwZ3HIRnmKhCOHH8x5KnUZ3gTzgnaGn4nrgZPmvFx3DHUZUYR3DW2d4PeDvJWfC8UwfG8ry4vDolexY7R4K+K8bwZuXwvK5MLgy8O4yoZImO3wvGuR9F3iuBPJUrDjt81/Y65PfI/C9cjlUPw9cq/wCzP//EACMRAAICAgICAwADAAAAAAAAAAABEBEhMSBBMEBQUWFgcYD/2gAIAQIBAT8Q/nLRSVZJfYJp/DtpbGq0PqLNw0UYMFJIwUJkJ+xI/gm0hv0O2VBIoex0O2UyhqEimaFRiQTT95tvR2NmWWkyh4FkaeyvoQQYozGq3Jii2j7BO9e03DZkbcbVFCbsTeAsoRXUMaP0YSrDihwGhmgj2DZqGxWNJiZaRaYhqyqwawJ3wbMHkeAvpiKtFFDQsMT9duuCbLKKwNDHRZbHhgyYtxQ0bHlDWizIswQZV4EGK9VuhvJcPChC/RoyhNspaLpCWUjIqHhxpxpmnY2irKssQlmhseo2MJH9QxCKGWNDwJdof4LIlLRTocNWhO1KoSnYsMbtpIa9JjRoUNCKkhoqopdCwNQxaGJag84QjsT6NFwerOkNV6RcUaKGsGmWMaNDZdjNiHjIxfRVC3wawdmxcrENWvM+DhqVLyqMISZY8DzDRcLA9D0azFZN5HhlFYKL0MDThM+gkUUNTTiyxfYn1G4o6FDOqHhFYEPY1SNiQzBC7M7j1ZYhPKtyoYxooRXBbGVC+uPQ3Y8CEt2NWJZlUHYSsSBM+RDNClliZrg2hQj8OxjhGz8j8FhRgjsebaEpQttmhMwnkXJw5wKWy40WMYhCLP0ULR9BGo2dxjzB69F8K4ZHxqUONiLFg2Fg3hCVQXHAzbyKE8w+GuClcqlQkfossb6UnwLCHJvyFNIvhRQooqUo7lKHKLjWhYEWOWJ+gvjofisUWdlRosuHPZZcKHrzULzPmo3xsWuCh+kvDfhs2Li4fF/I38bZfxlllll/5q//xAArEAEAAgICAQIGAgIDAQAAAAABABEhMUFRYXHwEDCBkaGxIMFA0WDh8VD/2gAIAQEAAT8Q/j7t3/4z7t1+X7t3/wCM+7dfl+7d/wDjPu3X5fu3f/jPu3X5fu3f/wCXX8a/+T7t1+X7t3/+IoAVdBCLT4B92pVelXf2lZ5639kn4Rhb73AbOux/ROaPsf6Ya+Dy/wC4Bto+s3j7r/cqrHs/qjb89Mfln4qB/ZKll6pf0zNDeCv7mW7MX90xOvNLr76lf/E926/L927/APwCrBoFrKtdcr9XP4lcj2t/l/1K2gcu/go/EBryIn6gXBVGmRflqMpaXy3cYfhJSLKeI3AocVMRQ9IGrsLu6gVxXlqc7OG4kCgb9IQPixBMj6dTOBIOHUI8hvMVopPSG2zpUX99y7X0LD83LRO4C39y+QDg/ISv/ge7dfl+7d/81EAVdBKDI+wb/EGOqD/ufuT0utk+rzFboPiZB3BC0LbDUFcwZqUAAOSNXNKFSwoiub1OIoc3MpT6kVX7kEKirqwI046PEUDZumWgR3jMFp4WhCpALxAAG9pcQ1aa+kyNB57gXeQc3LiYzB1p5jPEOtR4vuIsXnRWfZ/qXjnn7Qlf5vu3X5fu3f8Ay/HoRdevUcOyfmND6XDMwYQtfVzEAEA7gbu81LFAOaZSKFvbmALfQgjOS7YjgJ6NyvX1xmODG3pWeZU6NrBnEyqgcU5nInrZUTuJftB8kzYyEuODwdRcDs7OYiYobzDah5SXiRsHTADeDcctq32yxTY9JatX7wTMv0ZjMBLbhGMVOYtO4AFtmWQLvTLc4zuP9MwBXpPqf6jjYYKT/L926/L927/5Pf2aY9To+s7sW1Pqdv0qFTnQ/BFvXzxcUKIYywbtHyWVwDyIVQnthiVhYEy2ZVL5dckoACt1CNNmac9Q3WXILG1TWLY4jQc1cGUA4j1HUMCr8+YI4fQYrnNclVL1yxrmLDZgLVuB9yqAw+8Tnm4o8IqV/iAQ07j0RgkhsuW2r+IbosLsmJaUZqVq/jqAljZLpLgYH1Mwyjs6R6On8RYI7Ck/yfduvy/du/8Aj6CnDawmxu7PZ9PvD4uwWH1e/MMwZfViCHvLgR7p7VBLWyDmsfSKwkGMQIKKYWrmWpUT0l4JZxMnYjAcQVhC1I3BoZosin6x1H1YWpxyFjS/pRCki6tshGgQpdf2JdorCv8AUUKLNAbTHlV8ZmVXvOs1Gt2V5i/FG8GZQtAin6y2pVKJLli5YLeiAg5iBrbgNBpqFoSDOAttxmKFSiFBzUBtmVLDTM1UeJcr7SkcrvuBNlkLa/pDXBA4T68QyweaNf8AfvERARMI8f4/u3X5fu3f/GHtrIph8H9v5jA7GTPqvsgaWX1uXUKcmEDUfeKAlpTDLgKjisQr8ehUsS1WXuKTJ4YZVw2S8aOOghhrawZiFXvKUf7hAAjgluIbLkK0stBKUuCqJUEomLYY4cXuuIvBgNpdW7xMSxIHlzEzLICZaCjz3KXmISF8IUzakOTXrLBscnFUxhWFsbqKmFA+REFOHmaygMCWxUDAhZjOeT7zJgaRAGAfSYEvLkhUWWuWJS7LINzHpFSqq0TIop6mQNR3V2jHNNWXB/795mwzrQ/6f8b3br8v3bv/AIhJi4NHleCV7Fks+2cvmGVA8x3NqzFcJMQnC+CWQnmyBAFGmhbYrSAVkhhA7Z1KcRXEvsC9kwUqq6qMITtwfSUyw1yR2iNMmOLIsDD9qiYMjtMkFoWUcQDTINXe4G0QzfH3iBUNKfWCc5wHDzMHDNvmJbYsDxcoIlFZSg0vuOl47irLhFuCBd19SWE4vBqKBK4j8TkBiSWF41MtUUeAxkbal/UvBjuuzqOS73c+PWPYRD6eRf1ALuLxfmUhr1VKHnBUHGqYqg0rzGFKA/MKWUX13LQLgpAm0HL6P9REUSk/xPduvy/du/8AhhleoN+OzK1y27XteYjCovQSwHFBq49ARUMtbw1MpQvhxF0LnFrFcpwYbQdsRnhXzluK6aLwwEoThjbfC7WCBbWAAuN0QjbljFqBkxn7y0K6Hm/aE3oN5CQIWOVGyZpximEwU3vdMRiBRF9HcYVL3/tFyFBFgXe/xFaAdxJrwLgDkzVbxXpME0qgpxfMQ4HrMjIPCStCW6w1MN7Sx9kS4Rk/0hV3CeYb09y+bmaLiom46qcYrcQLhlOEQFjnkNRCgZMnCWG7GEizgnF5jcax8R0OjQMFxXW7eXiYCHd/3Acj2soVVydkSXjITD6nP7/UeOPXIOx5P8P3br8v3bv/AIIQjEt1Pl0PG5TiHQKK6lsYXHQalEFlcSy0RRxxAbF2YqIFwHYwQH4Mwy1dDf8A1AWrJtcTIqHC5Ye2Rq4ATtBeZc1Q0jz9ZmSs0kFFgFQWznI5B0HR3DgtGDF+ssttrhCbWZLwssMa6rcr2+HNp+48BZZrDLJYa8cxRRwBAUrVq2z6QbIuW8sQWAoQGGSWyFmUmDFbFQ0GZX3Q+e7l2FBfX6lnBK18XUDM4rEPsqYH/cVWftn9yxbSTE+SPmPQ2NQ7QUvUt2ysGrY69IoyT2rM2VIodQ2wp81yjbOhLPMoWPSen/UI6VkNdkqtbrT4nZZV8J4CvDw/vzK+F1Efh6f8L3br8v3bv/gI9WgWrAE7t5/s+eJgoWdRTDhx1FbpfE0ZzFsO9wfU9QlgF7vqCFqa2wxkStty+WcBnmWAUyK8zmlerjVTDRMYD+BEBTRziABRcPEArKuihv0l4d3X2+8QLC4ZZcYPSk/aFmBZ0L68QQEch0/6lQYdLAxieQR4iQUuU5hpvY9IlQFdv+kG2j9X/UrYl9CzKaO3PbLszX61LBiKBVysZdt5fMoBRohiFQldCOyFbVWR6e5mnT+pEeVN4pgvaerCQ3+zSOYWIh1CnCfw6YROLdNxgOgOItgpriVSuSkYl6da7IoFHfb2R3wihdCM+YAdeQlERFdeZkbT6iKxbU+GIirWFg6YbOym/U7PP3lf4Hu3X5fu3f56qjoGWF6iy7B0f7hGCUotuLE78ygYNRtqYK+94lg2qy0tPWIZsaiqWxlllGrTjUQtQKrbAbNrmNYpZtlk0PLAQZAu71CmdPk39ZYgPYcVD8z0vcdF64mHEFmdRxSVVrjv1gEFAAHgmWwmaDKumRUNjxEItCU6GKAAOE1LSqzF5NcQUEC1SuYaszc3gXN9R42o57gFTbQag3cARAW4xKEKJ4h7/UGr1kZVagCBU28Q6Jm13Mbz6CCkH4D3DCSsHOKfZKWK782QyDizIxnJ6EjsBwI6bJl6dkxkElj2S6jkrseyYOWMB/cZgDr/AFLsU/Y/0x3EERsuuEZ27/5H2VH5/u3X5fu3f5zDDoGVgghPR8PH7gJmizUEco7Uhq3K2sWirNYiiMWluuoDjo3cFWnJjImB57gWNhuoRK449Za0p+ZvWBqpXspMvPpKZaM0sFXWR3CSgCrXRCAZXGWoChlrHb6x9dl8QCNC0cSxgbSfdksH0iUtsoZYEKg44H6RljLZimGVb8jinplYumoAvH/UfFxYIhF3greGXxcuItLqIKlbiVUabfaUIFGVgPgFuoJLZppi0khMy4BeTMTwC1yMZSiP3QCCtPWBcAj6hxNGEqGVTPO5nqn8QqyqbP3LtZOk81n34lF5S8baz/5HtY3yQwvBwO/MRlt4Lh4gDukdwxUU3/R9SXii+L/TCHNEtvlD33rSfO926/L927/NYSQAyrMER12Ho/3Gs2WH4VDNHqYnY1E2TyQNzQ07jdVbviNzZ5VKRiLmWrbp1AJOMEQh5DNGXiiWF4c4liGs6Ewy/wDOBuk+ETRvg0mODODiZNKttkolEFVv0JkixO/0xUdsRY8/9So+gdQacBpNjKeBE4YIO1wc+ZuQYunEClR2kh2o0w4xKUUzw3MgivSMjPZM6JiqqWkqq0O4xk0DmoojiZYQM8koDXISiBal1C4Ki4Xj0EEWOpl7KZ8MsBMM3H0w7RySryI3TgrphlkvQc+IKMRpm079IDSYnlcSgKWy/wAxtSMTfIeHhiaUbAzcKpt/BwuufA3OJEcPmX75NgfeeP1H5vu3X5fu3f5iACq0BzEAVWDdXj1/8hjFrGdorBOQX8EIjleIYRcDmtTMMCUESU58wgR6FKu4l6hW4zjXNxoAaNsJZRTcRVW1tG0xTeVzAVpY0xPIDdeGMW2IoeY6iAKiRFmtPCKyrGLmNhTmwDwh3VfuGkkNoVm3cARj69wQVK4cStbBjt6xoiEcmbhgCjglDIfOY2sbMJzL8QprDcXjaLDGqJguv1FrMOy4OWFqjax4iaTkvWIAqhr8S8ALdpaoqx9YeSHI3MqU+sTCjXBzLVqznhgJzqVZDkuM9nUIWb2kCgtt6grflW4jOWhc+GPbUIvpxAGmAInhna8JGcuj9QFlOYcnc5gEEv37Yd4bTqbBEymfMQUQrAdS/TQDvx6fN926/L927/LqJbZy5+X9ffqXlNsaLVzECEzm2IEpfMdAvShjIun9TW7XFwSlZdyjGbxqJZY3CnhiWBVd8ykORqVgL6hCKC6OZXLRdG4FsA4scsKgXyF/1AyxnFZI3rFLQZlgmuCuIWiLaVolIQeaO44Q7KZgOyDd8zJBa+yesqqBtB16sZMGqx1AqhGQ2eYSBApS5TuwsxiVoHTmupp33V4lwHKd+ZkpHIdwSoX67lKsGurhCFfxImkIeYBhEyA9xAKrumZPWGYy/HH8xLA4ZqUMlJqAXKDIZnr9jDuKBCN8O14i4y90GUi4r/EsTheZoGa2PE707XTHQFbY0+8R2H72L95lmbT+Ja9c16Raa7F4JlaYHR1KDN2WdkXlpKTzDUSDtJFJHKfrp8nzPduvy/du/wAvOBWfwPTuHACgwGoey4GFxc0WxLUje1icCnl4I81jUG2Qpx4gLWK3Kl2zWIrpgdxFtVvbCSws0dwuwaEZlduL5jK3TdkYKdBgFLVPGIZbHY2JQtBtNVHhZTIELpZc1zDgyOaxfrPAUXVxsnVG1Q7hCF0ZBmohnIsdpuAu/WPyAOlHZEKwggLCrvpjptsMIQVDceNQAVaOTLMRHDsg4N6Y0auHdqWqzxMSqhzNI0Yt4MblgKCioDQ8yo0BSsSxrDMFCXabvE4PPMCkCnTqFQ8Q/RRn1iUpb9synofo4inBzJ/cqy0NdVio3RyCEN5Div8AX2YoIV0P6mUqgHcqUt7v9yrQZfksfRz/AFANIVRWSn/UQKq30mBKCuxgCfBOdgvk4El3IV4ThPHy/duvy/du/wAq2cvNXqMONQTF3H4xMmWDMos+GIG0v8srGUdcsQMdmYBcOe5mebKqMyLgxKCs65ltlD4dyrbVNzQLyqPkBggqg3Cdn1DEQA+4MRFFVbajGAObq7hrIrq3zATNwdeYKQuTAuJYPBo6mePrJqV4bKpzrM55jGagpctTF4i1gNQNREymmV0KNCLy6c9vSVjSmWuqM6zEvnVwSrQfTMtpLY8xY1dtdRQCj0uVoVdtxP8AsTBER6pWVYwioXZWYEa2RS0LYBLvZ1FW5a00AZQWVpPS5TSVC8tkrq2bPYxNS5ug5PEdTxxeUWAO7+0BLR65VUTVLDS6v3+ol6Z+2IxvCUAP0s2Y8NFBc7txEtGIWtM4IAyq1RijPJMxV6m/cx/3Epr5Xu3X5fu3f5JM1FAcsIVHIuuj6R0qxouI5fR6Q1Q1gqIhDY6IFaCtowLHODEAY2zZfOoFf4gXJxAboEFqn0dzetqVFZKu4tgvtJi2DiBEFnHcy1VtEuO+ThNEIyoi/wBoMCNZuILWcYuZKCu/T1jbMtX+juBjeFVtYI+iDDFAtGapZg8W8sI2tjg/3Bbtc9xsE23LwDmtfWJdZGpVopkhto0sig3Qwj3KlFI+GjbZmGFarhUs8xD1Z8Rb2rgxDtt0icwdVBqGBxQweh4uNSV+6NTVcZgVcUU7OJc75Ds5IothD+YWWtQSKWNr9TIfg9TiYHqqPf0nIgM12+JcNcejAEk5EHNNmuUlBsBHpgAORYpkjJVWfLAcVV/qF5bSCVbHJMAaYJ16APu/X5Xu3X5fu3f5L5AtF57fT9+kx3TPUIrfSaRMjBb5gCJW2cYiWDlcRW06K9Y6LcYiKm8X95QvthpGcDiXc4gbVbmqNsrbTS4HqWgW+KirR42sCzsftiNpgdvMLYSbBiADI+hDO1rAdMwMFndfiXMoNXuNBwc9wWNHGLi/YHcwbWsuv+0tLYsPMocqLWECKcz7xCr+syFYuPpLcObejKb16TAThL/MNvDHGpcq059Iaa1KJQCuLrUqW84dkSOopq+4YgipmiMWrXR5IL98iISHOEi+xdHEslNkWhF5XmLp4lxcCvzBsDpAsZZ9mWWNgSDbbsGESE1Hwghen2gUEYrDa6gIMGSnfv8AUIV4vWEJFl+zMDXwFSeIjVaFX9IS1XRuXMq7lE0IJVYsIlwOrNC/fM55n6B+T7t1+X7t3+QT+Xl6csKXHUdf7ZSNKuNgvBBWiQIKvHcprqoD2aQkDeAhW6ekQoqe4kdr3HTUtXRBaY4w5dMWosP4ilBwZHxLK0vfUBAKGNDSnuGHZ6NQaBGtixWZIcpupSbQ31AaZzKwTxzPWYAa0moSBdjgWGGuisgZPExBxg/cQShplzUBtBPEVUU5PctdheXiV0RwMNtlerfWZi1WwM3HVcWq0OoNLZGYlLA6uccxRSqjSQE5zMJgbgBUSGsQ4ujTHIsVWeYFAMVg8ERFqyWUUAIzMJt9JwEK7gTpU4cRord5LmOZC6fMuW2aUlxW2ZgMJqWRith1KaCWv9BGwcLTw8xnUNfSKLi6pYLYqNwjd0LX3huFlQwcn4gtukpgJXRg3EEyquCSscO+Q/uPyPduvy/du/yCoQtuOH339ohtx2wCG4TKlHJUKwa1/wCxAXWTmGrG7tdR7ZUatcSjxnxHn+otLLIIRHJjMZK5alFCxzE7i33GMBvAiahzDwZloUrTe2KILWacR5fobqABaW+qPY3qjFlyIo6zmE0RKolMs6oVlqC0EVRl9I3peJ0fL3MKs1ghpWQ4EtFbBTXcxtxoXNDvsmwbVzAAVlzEGYiN10l1ackP9iNm48zySu/WWL1mLfeQesx25FS4tbQuarGKORtipkCdxF2YisTdOYRLF2/SPJ5p+ZimyNvDgepmLoo793DNxGiOjqojdXbDVcQCEFGfT/yZ9b4p4g6yv/JsCrC+4tHCE07IggLY1GA2n5z/AHLQ7qmNQyFFtcblZReSC1bUcuT5Hu3X5fu3f+dGb+3HH1mBfBg6mFD7QSwrxDZZ9YNE8bnbjEMcOGfxABVAm1OSVMbjWX5jljmKmKuYNf8AkVLaF4iI7p2rHqV41zcC7J6oMWEY9ZmTLS5ylrlTUSxObh6pyjFIwxlqqgpUWeU6ggf7lgrF4Vr7RstdQO/RgsljLdHUqLVzZuI1ptle8uxIF+ijvuUJKulHMRKVTEtRbjM2X6lIRjdy6wSislkEhYNmV8S8QUTtnMlYqOizgxIktG4mNXUfDjiB0UgEBbC/MK3ETrq/SJRvAgB4v9zgNjUW20efX3+41VCPB4JUV8p9Zcl1n9Yod6L9y4IZwEfWNfQ1ZcWNmPa8Z2yrZzWFq8Qq5oD7+0N3xY+s4H/p/wCRDHjfmNPjaeBqCWiUjw/z926/L927/wA6il9dXHvzMh2mrqK4zLy2y6zCg+ikK92bjoEsFlVnv7wk4dwV2X4lCj9Yl1z5iZzwi49YwjuGDlOotr0jdAg+IbIOepYLMOXiIKSv0I2ZrFof2wuwVwHH1lLys0+stRlqigmFG12wrao1UhJUHSFwOtAeFvLKyrFt+fERnB8cxrweXglMRdw5YQ0uuFcy5voxpGpWzhiBN+YFmTghLWijT3NE0bfrDytdXFxdYlBitQ8F7+kuh3iLsiu2UMlxsuXgi1PoYUS8brmWupImRD5hKIhptnoP+kxx5JZ5inioGirDP0gFuZX6dS1lFZDplC7QDzdxsavCvrEwNqqXgVAhxAo6/M1BlnFQ1ZTH8A/RjoWska3sIfUf+xTCxQy7W1xKMe3xy+/+/wCfu3X5fu3f+Rgb+1HH9R2AV+ksx+8AXqWoLiKcmJg1xHYax3OUKRdubi5qPHvUtQWIAjrPMQqeIjwZz9IA1WeTqDL8IRPDXpCKBT4i3bFxF0V08y5FKuJexU4lq1FFoxn3hYO4JkFKzGLAWescpqK8CCzF4LeSAKLkXhgCaP2QCpBQU1K7GzDSdMHRldRUlNBOZgtVArNE4jS0RlcllYYhMtSyLVXHco6qu5fY1V4YFkfp5jpHFMzVG5Y81lmdj2R3SuFM7CCqFJjMrdDk/cOZqQCjmOtoQG05MwYboKfV9/mVk/D0fbARQbNdwTomf6Mq3wmXnc4KoGMtnFZi/wCvMG8j0ZYBdFQlre7ibym0SWlZGTzABOefMbu3k15hYXV59UpMczoe/wAxECkaR/l7t1+X7t3/AJVQyY9HthZ22xoY5nPmFtzKsxdQWA4i7Qym0IrLqriAd7uIp6iB0lssYlOAa5QSLQOY3drrTENSCaoxKIsAxcLLeQAVQcGFIJWkgAbOTc2CX0qIDKuMYgu7Nggrcc3GLYG13FBLeywlLKs/uCNgy1xjmAI6xKBqS9+8sFjnHzYrFQ62kIscSdxm7HxM7XuPaHWoclywstphodHiKlDEYBohxJ9ogTlKgQaJplmEsaHTGgXdJ6zCtawNy7rMB3KWzCnkjlL0X7RhcPNekCmzbfcoQdtP7/qNlLQzNyA/Udl8p/3ExxkCut2e5VDeRiK9SVeBMFy61s4v0houNBNroYWTKgH9A/qJtzgb7mFsdXzz/v6/y926/L927/x1FgfWElgAeAjNp94qDNwviPZ+0RWJeqhhLo8wZnR5xMLJrToi4a3LA7iqg46l76NxCE2zBSyiDrwviUbFcerOEuNjgmkrJkvcyshsWKIWK55fBErWpm2iFI0IaYtprOoCHTYBZlU0M5hUeM4Ujo6PMPqTaW5QwLeNwbK6gsBwpFSTDmE0DUqCsiSy8X1sgS0zzMGafqIN2RjdZbgtmu5i2x1EBi7jWFB3Uz0eLidCXqCq8O5gpC/DNDesy4HOeIDcCwcwAANSwFSdjPWakrwyRgaL9eIyzgZSSnEsfLYlH7GuT6QS3ZUPD/cCrbLwZgfpTRv34hTmxiDrMHat94X8EpwvGo0L0aYc28XzxLIGT6XJ76j/AB926/L927/xC1vuCWuTG2INRxuLkVxAjbfUVYHMEGX6Qyl3xmKh5hQvmIU8y3ytgUq3EryZj2yeIFPDGnmyYmA2n68SjmXQgCGqjygwTVmVdzlr+AwXa23cwiUH3gNWD0YHYFrWCIz/AHGoZJzBVVcthCJUqOizA3i4xfEzVxMVNPrAC2FvzKh3cMVAWYiTNmoQAh9ZQQHmblBdQVQt5hOzcQAbZhkFxDAK503AcblwaOmVEoIGXY+miBd2TaRzMrT3Nwy8TPW8psRIrK9RpaUVcenxP9wcM48JYjplYnRU2gWb8+I1tgbqo5YcekCN3i8hNH7I7FxRLSff5lYrRxFZbvTOHVkd0rWmYneavknPUwG/G8uSKy6yOzj8fx926/L927/xyoy39+lS80PViwcwVlzNBm5cstdupkXLQqNQchl7iCrcHGXuosxiUtgu8R3T90qzq+4J9xYunB1aRnoHrBonA5wS0CVd2QtyuZSqFeepWznuJY1llFyVxCUF4eDUJb9BFz4HkqWZTw8suyQaICVOFsv/AHdwPENRhjA4zeIYbur9ZSjmpY2Y3KOkxKKFUzXUbazUqnHMwec6IliTNVKXOYkb5mMxxFw31NE3Dp2xo01UEWqx4iWyGV3E2Zfum6BvcE24EBSwDrccoBC3UpwRgePZKJHA6guTuGo1e4ghV6TMICqtH+uIBDk1CrJhiNrZ48xq0csdN9RHgmlXqaDTMT1mC+J2DyQA0a6ZiEpXH+pQ7P78n9/x926/L927/wAG2ooqvAIrForcWFeZeJyMcUwqruXZVz6zBxGh2SquK8xdOYqNw1AaLxNwrYXYlj3xAhWuCNlYJkYLKm9ykMlJmJbXyhdCscEKJVNzD3U+vaEW1HFnQQlyRqK4NMzHrDqqaTcMHfiXFIgQuWXiHgrGItnUqackyLqYMYjebruo7CsODxBWe4VGqF5qIf8AVNrwYqWDWz7y+tTdwpReIdJxxC7GEHDUKYGqjYq4NSO+yLybpO5kcinZcAQCc6hDDRq8faMU03HgQ2XpiHs9xORVblJMc9kGj0qyVFn0j+ijoYNPOHMP6EQHoswV4h0i9RpF1UxKi9QKZUwCiXKXcFwgbPPcu0vMepkj/D3br8v3bv8Awu7QV+v7mi1oqHZdS3e5exqft1MgvEoauOhxLNkFG7imc7myan6Ywzywu4oqFunEdJxoSzNF7jtttc1NCl6hOZoI47TkMEqA+dxrqqvEILdZ1uK0FOxlJwVxUSai6wEUoLAFeSdK/MOhR8S5lcuJZacYqMUWVxiPKlnUYDeONVHS83zzENOR3KlbDUto3MMZZmGMy2ftKot6Zkr1EtajzxGXUpVm2HJxDwMZbbdeJut/ZCJHZBzuNQqvSFyMGAlXMNfaVQhrUsAaQzI5GoqfJxKbXiFbaNnUTG/r1EhSzeGXDfIjCukfAZNx2dkZKg4faCGRuBT9xxEDm/IQOf0f1cwXVtenH8Pduvy/du/8L1M0fpl/ZFw8uPpLmy0g0PTMu5jYCIrLLJmsR9Zsol4xLazN/wBsC0YSLgcxAt4l1Y2EHAimXoRqoQCzpAowBlLBw6ZwmoP1itlt7mSWV5g1QTtgAirO5iUtWbgliQ1K/NEX7IiisLiYqrzMys07gdvmEHDPiE0aMAw4c1MKHH5jVqC7LhhAnn6RBvhiAL35gBejHTmAesUrgmABwy3ExfMsGMu4Zm7g2245iovXjiVZcx8LmPWLlTZDyLWPEeJZgqY0YTkmJsWGLW+I8sRDYdtrHW9d1Apc79WJd3xFuxcsEJ6GXKgkyxRa/iDiUBmFh8MuU8QLV3EthuXWPJKI6DPvxX8Pduvy/du/8Lg8i/f2Q0auMoO5YFZ8zCZ4SlWzblxHLEUNEL0Klxq5fJ1KpVyy1ae40XlIpWvSCu1Y6iO8GgmSquGhwO4jCXxAaLTKFC67gaIE3qw5mbFiC3mLjPhUDMI5ESDGWINHjVThVqqjYlQugnAbBgU1Uyo1UbXhiXYOeeoiyOM/acx3KXeK77l7qpjEDNSgg/QEomNTnct7+jFW5ljuAahTTNUWOGoG4uV9QaStG39TTNOIC9FitYhpbKWC5MB8QAK4jSrbj12teJYtu2KoNONOZxXEqL8ShfuLzFxiLc3m6LNEsedSxvf7jsQ0P6g/9eH/ANP4e7dfl+7d/iFtQBugIAfriIsGXmGYg9mIgMS7KnnFa9ZUf1GXMd6gmF4icCqlUvzC2EUrtINtR6zMtMDLBr7xzJU3UDfzHjNVeJlBdQMA1U9SAU8R4EhQpkjAuXebxDlmDVNWxM28QzfjmVLA3KiAlx0Ydy6K8KnZGIXs6lLrhEaHGo0S7AfMO6zDaaY7g7rggWXapeZ2QdMV/aKqLb8SmZA6liX6nESMUc3FOoJd4YXZEPMeo2sGpVLmUA+kC67MHmJfMs+kHMuiaX1EZDG9fEe1NJfM9bcUv6RfhBBZK6XiKralxLzcpQ0Wfw926/L927/Go7wjjDQEq7pYUCYQnLmEC9ytxxSYFzLLHcsptqDUOS9aIB8IgjlqUWEzXDqKwlt/EalCoIeYweiVAMXKVXcobMROVpZNXMxD7RYykABDMTzNVBm7zE4TQw8diZmmeJxSPA9zCR5CPpCxVxoAq4vCXWWaY6i8vSWbg6TmjuK0OJjlgnGo6sTXNsKfMTgGfyJcKpWyXASVhOZR25NvglWlZES1mUn46GVUddy5fUNiDZ5RgS7l0VAVPwg9otr3KGorYsDhmAQBHSRHdC16TyQHx926/L927/Gw9F/EoOLZgGLu4VqtR7LliUDmP3RXiLgInENPPMvJYObMZsvEVt4YuKDMuU0VOd3Mu0XlGXHOpWkQMGZ4Iw0nbLMNwXwIhVUXLGsQYCyiFS08qlnbUsXslgWLhiOHi+4jBbCozb8EG3CRs6l7uFop+HBHzxKIU0EIHEMpRYz1TxCwWVmejcrRaVxDwAwdQaLOYEOSJSi54IFCNX5goC8QHlUT03fIwZyJ6wFJTUH6UXUBLziCsxMtkpuaq3LEOWJETA7hsG4eXdp9OvuPj7t1+X7t3+J9JFiY0Q+lHB7qXbBpI218zaFWDmbZnYiek1GbeI4NQBjsiLjcG0vcy8QEv7R0y4lI2spQ8QVs7IOKWCXRmNZOOYgwGIuSRDufWpiwbXO3DAxDPiUCLtKMXOAcbjols0Rcty7MYllXuVZmChB87Yuw1MSjqZ/MLpjEWxxCF5jWzEqaAsuDa/iDp9BERccvUBkaqWWnglFalLQAmSo03LasPXMroHJLDQpr7xBlxM18pa93MiDjuXgnKKcGJmX1E1GrxELEaqe4NovJj8Qeup9l+Pu3X5fu3f44/QllrzDAJzcSTKWBfJFu5cLSMbN8RwincISYYEyzeaw1EeCK1bmqrMsDLLGJWg9YGUvkMojTNMrGgGXjMvqYJcCg2qbnUHkjkG2brESFVfpMKgx9YLm9sMggi9RW3zMr9ZzrEUZhUcsS6ysJ1KANzLqJz1EFeZkFGXBBAZmBuGWoYJWwQijvSUJ7Mswb6HmLnGJasMLh7Khg8wo55mOFX+4qF5PySxzfEoA08way0wH0qBqn7xphg4jRruX9+ojt1FZFu8w1u3Z+ZhbKXHf9Pj7t1+X7t3+LrzsGj6T9vwXW5ohDbMuJdbl3WcSv4FOCBRrME7j4S3qLBqcq14iHJMhhlzZKXgS3qiDXsiFWq+pFwRFTImk7hZv7xmsTvLjaiQc3cWOpMHGYO9Ws9X0iz8kUwYUIr4qXccZlsF1HmqqoFDdQjVTl8TL0y81AFu+DuK6HpXEQWuNRuff6j14MGjE29IMxFbl4cxbMy3PEt0jofeY53FX3OVQbbm/SCeY5NxUBfmNFcpRZhLvzEoUui/rDsuq/cz9C+Pu3X5fu3f47fWLXrBgo1cOTLv7QAJBxMnEuo2zFdkeIO40a/MMu4ZIqAbh8B9Y07ESvcoxcYqWSYjCASX3Apq5VmYqPEXBNek59YrxFJzRLEBqPcvuLiXrIzJ6QcQTuXI9ZltuIC0m4sHOIvcXm8S9P1hgAxKEMoGbZ7StawNHU4mWsGoDL1NMRtvM4YONy/wAfgVmB5jSK2xeY03ClMezIRbpNRwKl2VMsVD1nOamGPcKFWMR7N3+Pu3X5fu3f4q31hZl4+svMG5liDuiEXmZblFS5zHDELcMutzG1BLjWDguYSw1HUYO4LKrPcTlP1HDUHdy12S+RhhmFQMul5l8S7i8R4bYNYRtLxLzGz2QQlCNjGIZl1vEMvExVTkOJbpWJXmxmkz4EaE4il8SyjiYkvM1FXwQ9I8jC2blukGCXeo8vxLpf4l3/AFNqOoWuZd4l6OmOhKPRl4qbvEu1hdDqaDDKeDMW0eSXZbv8fduvy/du/wAVS9YRgzBly84g59YNPxWXiXj4B5lJsW4FZcoJfmUPrLuD95cvuDvFypwRa3FxNXFaxuDCWS4sekyJbiWhj1n5TaXnMtdwi3OIv2l83LdoFEWGV8S8svGYW8wrhM+Isi/aCcxAbhbuAVNzyjxfTNNzaPKPF9xYi5PMviLk4blhLu5cJz1Erz8A1r7TApK1cx/NFe0zeY4Odsd2bt8fduvy/du/xdEIGGG5lzBl8S5fcfKD1Ld38Ay6hTkYr9pcKS5bLazOZcuOSXiXiXLl3hl1zHCDiXGkYvMv+F1B+C4MvtljROJe5ZqEvHiWpGLqWW7mBU2UmUun1jyhYuDuYAOZccItnrBxLtYWDiXGXTMlwh1jcyo8TawtmDkywEsB6vx926/L927/AMLmSHwCnwbfBcGXLly+4Nai2RBhIuPguXjcupT4Kyi1Mm4LzLnrLe43MjhhCwYM9IQsO0WDiXBlI2xBoxGBz8CLixF1UAHmLj+BcW/gG2XxAgxpjuXioOKlzSXFLxFMmNoUGYQZsjv6Pj7t1+X7t3/lcIPgDBly/wDz4lyzuGUyb+C4M8p4ktTyZjuWS8y7+C5cuXfMWmbS5cuXLgx+Fy5cX4PwXmXmXn4FuazBPiLnGpcI3TRmGo1MzfMuXm4xeZcuMXFr4DkxyjQjhHCMq2/j7t1+X7t3+QMGDCkKS3iDMIIfgygw+Bnllyla+D1S5cvMuXLly5cWXL+C5cuXLly5cuXLjmXLly4sGDL4lyt1B+C5eWXxcGXn4H4Fx+AvxLxFuNoww4Ri/wCHu3X5fu3f5dy5cHzBJpBlIWmCX8S2XL+C5cuXL+C5cuXLly5cuX8Fy5cuXLly5cuLLly4Mutyx2SzjEuXLzLi1Liy5cuXLly5cuPCLGLl/wAvduvy/du/z7ly4Vz8Q+Bcv4Lly5cuXLly5cuXLly5cuXLly5cuXLly5cuXLly5cW4MuNH4Llxi5cu4tS5cuXL+Jcv5Pu3X5fu3f8Axbly/wCQLl/Bcv4Lly5cv4L+JcuXLly5cuXLly5cuXLly5fwXL+C5cuMXHpLly5cv5nu3X5fu3f/ACbly5cuXLl/EuXLly5cuX/AXLly/guXLly5cuXLly/guXLly5cuX/h+7dfl+7d//nXLly5cuX8Lly//AIPu3X5fu3f/AIz7t1+X7t3/AOM+7dfl+7d/+M+7dfl+7d/+M+7dfl+7d/8AjPu3X5fu3f8A4z7t1+X7t3/4z7t1+X7t3/4z7t1+X7t3/wCM+7dfl+7d/wDjPu3X5fu3f/jPu3X+X//Z)
A lua de Júpiter, Europa, onde um oceano escondido sob quilômetros de gelo é considerado o principal candidato à vida extraterrestre.
O dióxido de carbono detectado na lua de Júpiter, Europa, vem do vasto oceano sob sua concha gelada, indicou uma pesquisa usando dados do Telescópio Espacial James Webb na quinta-feira, potencialmente reforçando as esperanças de que a água escondida possa abrigar vida.
Os cientistas estão confiantes de que existe um enorme oceano de água salgada quilómetros abaixo da superfície coberta de gelo de Europa , tornando a Lua uma excelente candidata para acolher vida extraterrestre no nosso Sistema Solar.
Mas tem sido difícil determinar se este oceano oculto contém os elementos químicos certos para sustentar a vida.
O dióxido de carbono – um dos principais blocos de construção da vida – foi detectado na superfície de Europa, mas se ele surgiu do oceano abaixo permaneceu uma questão em aberto.
Com o objetivo de encontrar uma resposta, duas equipas de investigadores lideradas pelos EUA utilizaram dados do espectrómetro de infravermelho próximo do telescópio Webb para mapear o CO2 na superfície de Europa, publicando os seus resultados em estudos separados na revista Science .
A maior quantidade de CO 2 ocorreu em uma área de 1.800 quilômetros de largura chamada Tara Regio, onde há muito “terreno caótico” com cristas irregulares e rachaduras.
Exatamente o que cria o terreno caótico não é bem compreendido, mas uma teoria é que a água quente do oceano sobe para derreter a superfície do gelo, que depois congela novamente ao longo do tempo em novos penhascos irregulares.
O primeiro estudo utilizou os dados do Webb para verificar se o CO 2 poderia ter vindo de algum outro lugar que não o oceano abaixo – pegando carona em um meteorito, por exemplo.
Samantha Trumbo, cientista planetária da Universidade Cornell e principal autora do estudo, disse à AFP que concluiu que o carbono era “em última análise, derivado do interior, provavelmente do oceano interno”.
Mas os investigadores não puderam excluir a possibilidade de o carbono ter surgido do interior do planeta sob a forma de minerais carbonáticos semelhantes a rochas, cuja irradiação poderia então ter-se desintegrado para se transformar em CO2 .
'Muito exitante'
O sal de cozinha também foi detectado em Tara Regio – tornando a área significativamente mais amarela do que o resto das planícies brancas cicatrizadas de Europa – e os cientistas pensam que também pode ter surgido do oceano.
"Então agora temos sal, temos CO2 : estamos começando a aprender um pouco mais como seria essa química interna", disse Trumbo.
Olhando para os mesmos dados do Webb, o segundo estudo também indicou que “o carbono é proveniente de Europa”.
Os pesquisadores liderados pela NASA também esperavam encontrar plumas de água ou gases voláteis saindo da superfície da lua, mas não conseguiram detectar nenhuma.
Duas grandes missões espaciais planejam ver mais de perto Europa e seu misterioso oceano.
A sonda lunar de Júpiter, Juice, da Agência Espacial Europeia, foi lançada em abril, enquanto a missão Europa Clipper da NASA está programada para decolar em outubro de 2024.
O cientista do projeto Juice, Olivier Witasse, saudou os dois novos estudos, dizendo que eram “muito emocionantes”.
Quando Juice passar pela Europa duas vezes em 2032, coletará “uma riqueza de novas informações”, inclusive sobre a química da superfície, disse ele à AFP.
Juice também examinará duas das outras luas de Júpiter – Ganimedes e Calisto – onde carbono foi detectado.
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)
Este gráfico mostra um mapa da superfície de Europa com NIRCam (Near Infrared Camera) no primeiro painel e mapas de composição derivados de dados NIRSpec/IFU (Near Infrared Spectrograph's Integral Field Unit) nos três painéis seguintes. Nos mapas de composição, os pixels brancos correspondem ao dióxido de carbono na região de grande escala do terreno caótico perturbado conhecida como Tara Regio (centro e direita), com concentrações adicionais em porções da região caótica Powys Regio (esquerda). O segundo e terceiro painéis mostram evidências de dióxido de carbono cristalino, enquanto o quarto painel indica uma forma complexa e amorfa de dióxido de carbono. Astrônomos usando Webb encontraram carbono no terreno caótico de Tara Regio e Powys Regio. Os gelos superficiais nestas regiões foram rompidos, e provavelmente houve uma troca relativamente recente de material entre o oceano subterrâneo e a superfície gelada. O carbono, um alicerce universal para a vida como a conhecemos, provavelmente teve origem no oceano de Europa. A descoberta sugere um ambiente potencialmente habitável no oceano salgado subterrâneo de Europa. As imagens NIRSpec/IFU aparecem pixeladas porque Europa tem 10 x 10 pixels de diâmetro no campo de visão do detector. Quatro painéis quadrados aparecem em uma faixa horizontal. O primeiro apresenta uma esfera azul e branca sobre um fundo preto. Com bordas difusas, esta esfera apresenta manchas azuis mais escuras no hemisfério norte e duas grandes manchas brancas no hemisfério sul. Cada um dos segundo, terceiro e quarto painéis tem uma imagem pixelizada e aproximadamente circular de quadrados pequenos, brancos, azuis ou laranja. Em cada um desses painéis, existem pequenas variações na disposição dos quadrados coloridos. Crédito: NASA, ESA, CSA, G. Villanueva (NASA/GSFC), S. Trumbo (Cornell Univ.), A. Pagan (STScI)
Witasse enfatizou que o objetivo da missão Juice, tal como o Europa Clipper, é descobrir se estas luas geladas têm as condições adequadas para sustentar vida – não serão capazes de confirmar se existem alienígenas.
E mesmo que alguma missão futura descubra vida, espera-se que qualquer coisa capaz de viver em condições tão extremas sob mais de 10 quilómetros de gelo seja minúscula, como micróbios primitivos.
Mais informações: Samantha K. Trumbo, A distribuição de CO2 na Europa indica uma fonte interna de carbono, Science (2023). DOI: 10.1126/science.adg4155 . www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg4155
GL Villanueva, Mistura endógena de gelo de CO2 na superfície de Europa e sem detecção de atividade de pluma, Science (2023). DOI: 10.1126/science.adg4270 . www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg4270
Informações da revista: Ciência
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