Uma equipe de pesquisadores do Departamento de Engenharia Biomédica da Texas A&M University estãodesenvolvendo uma nova maneira de manipular o gel - usando luz.
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)
Esta representação visual demonstra como os hidroganãis responsivos a luz absorvem e convertem a luz do infravermelho pra³ximo em calor, que pode ser desenvolvido para controlar materiais termorresponsivos. Crédito: Dr. Akhilesh Gaharwar / Texas A&M Engineering
Os hidroganãis são comumente usados ​​dentro do corpo para ajudar na regeneração dos tecidos e na administração de drogas. No entanto, uma vez dentro, pode ser difacil controla¡-los para um uso ideal. Uma equipe de pesquisadores do Departamento de Engenharia Biomédica da Texas A&M University estãodesenvolvendo uma nova maneira de manipular o gel - usando luz.
O estudante de graduação Patrick Lee e o Dr. Akhilesh Gaharwar, professor associado, estãodesenvolvendo uma nova classe de hidroganãis que podem alavancar a luz de várias maneiras. A luz éuma fonte de energia particularmente atraente, pois pode ser confinada a uma área predefinida, bem como ser ajustada pelo tempo ou intensidade de exposição a luz. Seu trabalho foi publicado recentemente na revista Advanced Materials .
Os hidroganãis responsivos a luz são uma classe emergente de materiais usados ​​para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos médicos não invasivos, sem contato, precisos e controla¡veis ​​em uma ampla gama de aplicações biomédicas, incluindo terapia fototanãrmica, terapia fotodina¢mica , administração de drogas e medicina regenerativa.
Lee disse que os biomateriais responsivos a luz são frequentemente usados ​​em aplicações biomédicas; no entanto, as fontes de luz atuais, como a luz ultravioleta e a luz visível , não podem penetrar suficientemente no tecido para interagir com o hidrogel. Em vez disso, a equipe estãopesquisando luz infravermelha próxima (NIR), que tem uma profundidade de penetração maior.
A equipe estãousando uma nova classe de nanomateriais bidimensionais conhecida como dissulfeto de molibdaªnio (MoS 2 ), que demonstrou toxicidade insignificante para as células e absorção de NIR superior. Essas nanofolhas com alta eficiência de conversão fototanãrmica podem absorver e converter a luz NIR em calor, que pode ser desenvolvida para controlar materiais termorresponsivos.
O estudante de graduação Patrick Lee (na foto) estãotrabalhando com o Dr. Akhilesh Gaharwar para desenvolver novos manãtodos para trabalhar com hidroganãis responsivos
a luz, que tem aplicações na administração de drogas e medicina regenerativa.
Crédito: Texas A&M Engineering
No estudo anterior do grupo publicado na Advanced Materials , certos polímeros reagem com nanofolhas de MoS 2 para formar hidroganãis. Com base nessa descoberta, a equipe utiliza ainda nanofolhas MoS2 e polímeros termorresponsivos para controlar o hidrogel sob a luz NIR por efeito fototanãrmico.
"Este trabalho aproveita a luz para ativar as interações dina¢micas de polamero-nanomateriais", disse Gaharwar. "Apa³s a exposição NIR, o MoS 2 atua como um epicentro de reticulação conectando-se com várias cadeias polimanãricas por meio de uma química de clique orientada por defeito, que éúnica."
A luz NIR permite a formação interna de hidroganãis terapaªuticos no corpo para a administração precisa do medicamento. Para a terapia do câncer , a maioria dos medicamentos pode ser retida dentro do tumor, o que diminuira¡ os efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia. Além disso, a luz NIR pode gerar calor dentro dos tumores para fazer a ablação das células cancerosas, o que éconhecido como terapia fototanãrmica. Portanto, uma combinação sinanãrgica de terapia fototanãrmica e quimioterapia mostrou uma maior eficácia na destruição de células cancerosas.