Insights para melhor caracterizar a física nuclear e ambientes extremos de explosaµes ca³smicas
os cientistas aprenderam que as novas não são estrelas novas , mas estrelas existentes distantes que se tornam visaveis na Terra quando explodem ou desencadeiam explosões Talvez o exemplo mais conhecido de uma
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)
Uma ilustração de uma nova cla¡ssica mostra uma estrela anãbranca brilhante perto do centro acumulando combustavel em um disco laranja de sua estrela vizinha da sequaªncia principal (mostrada em laranja brilhante). Crédito: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Pesquisadores do estado de Michigan ajudaram a espiar dentro de uma nova osum tipo de explosão nuclear astrofasica ossem sair da Terra.
Esses eventos estelares ajudam a forjar os elementos químicos do universo, e os espartanos ajudaram a explorar sua natureza com um intenso feixe de isãotopos e um dispositivo experimental personalizado com sensibilidade recorde no National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, ou NSCL. A equipe publicou seu trabalho em 3 de maio na revista Physical Review Letters .
"Estamos trabalhando neste projeto hácerca de cinco anos, por isso érealmente emocionante ver este artigo sair", disse Christopher Wrede, professor de física da Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, ou FRIB, e do Departamento de Fasica e Astronomia. Wrede, membro do corpo docente da MSU/FRIB, liderou o projeto de pesquisa internacional.
A NSCL foi uma instalação da National Science Foundation que serviu a comunidade cientafica por décadas. O FRIB, uma instalação para usuários do Departamento de Energia do Escrita³rio de Ciência dos EUA, foi lana§ado oficialmente em 2 de maio. Agora, o FRIB dara¡ inicio a uma nova era de experimentos que capacitam pesquisadores como Wrede a testar e verificar melhor as teorias cientaficas que explicam o cosmos.
Por exemplo, com seus experimentos na NSCL, os pesquisadores forneceram uma calibração melhor para o que éconhecido como "terma´metros nucleares". Os resultados experimentais melhoraram a precisão dos ca¡lculos que os cientistas usam para determinar a temperatura interior das novas oso plural de nova. Com seus resultados, a equipe confirmou que o interior de uma nova chamada V838 Herculis era cerca de 50.000 vezes mais quente que asuperfÍcie do sol.
"Em última análise, as informações que extraamos de nossos experimentos reduziram as incertezas neste ca¡lculo por um fator de dois a quatro", disse Wrede. "Ficamos realmente surpresos com a proximidade da temperatura que espera¡vamos."
Este acordo ajuda a solidificar as teorias subjacentes a física nuclear das novas, o que estãodizendo alguma coisa. Nossa compreensão das novas percorreu um longo caminho desde que as pessoas as observaram pela primeira vez hácentenas de anos - um fato exemplificado pelo pra³prio nome nova, que significa "nova".
"Ha¡ muito tempo, se algo no canãu surgisse do nada, vocêpode imaginar as pessoas pensando: "Espere um minuto. O que diabos éisso?'" Wrede disse. "'Deve ser uma estrela que não estava la¡ antes.'"
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Desde então, os cientistas aprenderam que as novas não são estrelas novas , mas estrelas existentes distantes que se tornam visaveis na Terra quando explodem ou desencadeiam explosões Talvez o exemplo mais conhecido de uma "nova estrela" seja uma supernova, que équando uma estrela inteira explode. Em nossa gala¡xia, a Via La¡ctea, isso érelativamente raro, acontecendo uma vez a cada cem anos ou mais.
O detector GADGET. Crédito: Cortesia do Laborata³rio Wrede
As reações nucleares que Wrede e sua equipe estudam, no entanto, são encontradas nas chamadas novas cla¡ssicas, que são mais comuns em nossa vizinhana§a ca³smica. Os cientistas observam cerca de uma daºzia em um ano tapico, muitas vezes auxiliados por astrônomos amadores. E, como uma estrela não explode completamente em uma nova cla¡ssica, a mesma pode aparecer mais de uma vez (embora o tempo tapico entre as aparições seja de cerca de 10.000 anos, disse Wrede).
Uma nova cla¡ssica écriada por duas estrelas orbitando uma a outra o suficiente para que uma estrela possa sugar combustavel nuclear da outra. Quando a estrela sifa£o empresta combustavel suficiente, pode desencadear uma sanãrie energanãtica de explosaµes nucleares.
Compreender os processos nucleares de todas as estrelas ajuda os pesquisadores a entender de onde vão os elementos do universo e aqueles que envolvem duas estrelas são particularmente importantes na Via La¡ctea, disse Wrede.
“Cerca de metade das estrelas que vemos no canãu são, na verdade, sistemas de duas estrelas, ou sistemas estelares bináriosâ€, disse ele. "Se realmente queremos entender como nossa gala¡xia estãotrabalhando para produzir elementos quamicos, não hácomo ignora¡-los."
Wrede vem estudando uma reação nuclear especafica dentro de novas que, na natureza, envolve versaµes, ou isãotopos, de fa³sforo. O fa³sforo dentro de uma nova pode engolir um pra³ton extra para criar isãotopos de enxofre , mas, infelizmente, os cientistas não podem recriar essa reação em condições estelares na Terra. Então Wrede e a equipe fizeram a próxima melhor coisa.
Em vez disso, eles começam com isãotopos de cloro que se decompõem em isãotopos de enxofre. Eles então observaram esses isãotopos de enxofre cuspir pra³tons para se tornarem fa³sforo. a‰ a reação de interesse ao contra¡rio, que permite aos pesquisadores sintetizar essencialmente uma repetição instanta¢nea da ação que eles podem retroceder para entender melhor a cartilha da natureza.
Mas havia outra ruga. Para atingir seu objetivo, a equipe precisava fazer medições recordes dos pra³tons de menor energia que saaram do enxofre. Para fazer isso, os pesquisadores construaram um instrumento que apelidaram de Detector Gasoso com Marcação de Germa¢nio, ou GADGET.
“Esses pra³tons tem energia muito baixa e, usando técnicas convencionais, o sinal seria inundado pelo fundoâ€, disse Wrede. O GADGET adotou uma abordagem não convencional osusando um componente detector gasoso em vez de silacio sãolido ospara obter a sensibilidade necessa¡ria para ver os pra³tons.
"Em termos de sensibilidade, éum recorde mundial", disse Wrede.
Claro, as ferramentas e técnicas são apenas parte da equação. A equipe também precisava de talento para construir o instrumento, executar os experimentos e interpretar os dados. Wrede, em particular, elogiou o pesquisador espartano de pós-graduação Tamas Budner, o primeiro autor do artigo que participou de cada fase do projeto.
Budner fara¡ seu doutorado neste vera£o no programa de pós-graduação em física nuclear da MSU, graças em grande parte a este projeto, que ele chamou de fortuito. Quando ele começou seu programa de pós-graduação em 2016, ele não sabia em qual laboratório trabalharia ou em qual projeto assumiria.
"Quando cheguei a MSU, não sabia realmente no que queria trabalhar. Mas parecia um ambiente empolgante, onde as pessoas trabalhavam em muitas coisas diferentes com muita tecnologia legal e de ponta", disse Budner .
"Enviei um e-mail para Chris sobre este projeto e ele marcou muitas caixas para mim. Eu pude ver todas as etapas envolvidas no processo: construir um novo detector, fazer um novo experimento e analisar os dados", disse ele. "Tinha todas as coisas que eu queria experimentar."
Tambanãm se juntaram aos espartanos neste projeto pesquisadores de todo o mundo. Os membros da equipe vieram de instituições na Frana§a, Espanha, China, Israel, Canada¡ e Coranãia do Sul. Houve também uma coorte nacional de colaboradores vindos da Universidade de Notre Dame em Indiana e do Oak Ridge National Laboratory no Tennessee.
MSU, no entanto, foi o epicentro dos experimentos como lar de NSCL, que forneceu o necessa¡rio feixe de isãotopos de cloro de alta intensidade. Agora, o FRIB continuara¡ a tradição do NSCL, continuando a atrair os melhores pesquisadores de todo o mundo para responder a algumas das maiores questões da ciência com experimentos que não são possaveis em nenhum outro lugar.
E a equipe do Wrede fara¡ parte disso. Ele já tem a aprovação para executar um novo experimento no FRIB, com um novo sistema GADGET para inicializar.
"Já atualizamos o GADGET. Na³s o chamamos de GADGET 2", disse Wrede. "a‰ um sistema muito mais complexo e pode medir pra³tons com ainda mais sensibilidade."